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‘Determiners’ are a subcategory of the
English Grammar that qualifies nouns in
various ways.
The Indefinite Pronouns are ‘some’, ‘any’,
‘no’ & their derivatives.
‘Some’ has a neutral meaning and can
therefore be used in questions.
Right answer: It has a positive meaning but
it’s true that it can be used in questions
that are not ‘informative’.
‘Any’ has a negative meaning & is used in
positive sentences to make them negative.
Right answer: It has a neutral meaning and
is used in negative sentences (with ‘not’)
and in informative questions.
‘No’ has a strong negative meaning & is
used in positive sentences to make them
negative.
Name some of the Other Uses of the
Indefinite Pronouns.
some +
sing.
count.
noun
some +
cardinal
number
any/ no +
comparative
adj./ adv.
some + qu.
word/noun
 adverbs
any + qu.
word/
noun 
adverbs
cardinal
number +
something
What is special about not, hardly/
scarcely, seldom/ rarely, without?
The Indefinite ‘no’ is not the same as the
negative adverb we use in (short) answers.
Which are these quantitative words?
How are the quantitative words used?
many
with countable (plural) ≠ few/ a few
nouns in interrogative &
negative sentences
much
with uncountable (sing.) ≠ little/ a little
nouns in interrogative &
negative sentences
lots/ a lot with countable (plural)
& uncountable (sing.)
(of)
nouns in positive
sentences
≠ few/ a few & little/ a
little
Are there exceptions to these rules?
What are some other uses of
‘Quantity’ words? I
a) much + comparative adj.’s/ adv.’s OR ‘too’ 
emphatic comparative/ result construction
b) much + participle  new compound adjective
c) much + as + subject + verb  special
concession (mainly with verbs of like/ dislike,
praise/ criticism)
What are some other uses of
‘Quantity’ words? II
d) many + a(n) + (adj.) + singular noun 
emphatic form of the commoner many +
plural countable noun
e) in phrases meaning lots/ a lot (of)  a good
many, a great many
f) a lot + comparative  emphatic comparative
How are no, neither, none used?
1. No + noun  adj. ≠ a(n)/ some/ any
2. Nobody/ no-one = no + body/ one  pronoun
≠ a(n)/ somebody/ anybody, someone/ anyone
– answer to ‘who’
3. Neither (of two)  adj. OR pronoun ≠ both/
either – answer to ‘which’ (of the two)
4. None (of three or more)  quantitative
pronoun ≠ everyone/ everybody/ everything/
all – an answer to ‘how much/ many’
No, neither & none refer to one person/
thing at a time and have a singular verb
after them.
Some, any, both & all also refer to one
person/ thing at a time and take a singular
verb.
Right answer: some & any can have either
a singular or a plural verb, depending on
the noun, but both & all always have a
plural verb when used in this sense.
How are every, each, all used?
1. Every + sing. count. noun  adj. – Exception:
in time phrases e.g. every 3 months
2. Each + sing. count. noun  adj. OR + (of) 
pronoun
3. All +
a) sing. (un)count. noun  adj.
b) plural count. noun  adj.
c) other determiners + noun  pre-determiner
d) (of) as a pronoun e.g. All was quiet and
peaceful.
e) as an adverb e.g. all alone
How are other, others, else used?
1. other + noun  adjective
2. an + other = another  adjective OR
pronoun
3. the other(s)  pronouns
4. else  pronoun OR adverb
What are the Reflexive Pronouns?
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
How are the Reflexive Pronouns
used?
In 3 different ways:
a) they form the Middle Voice by replacing
the object of an active/ action verb.
b) as emphatic forms of the subject or
object (without replacing them).
c) preceded by the preposition by, they
mean alone/ on my own.
Their opposites are: each other/ one another.