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THE DEITIES OF EARTH • Supreme Deities – Demeter – Dionysus DEMETER (CERES) Goddess of the Corn and Grains The earth goddess who taught mankind the art of sowing seeds and ploughing When her child Persephone was abducted she wandered the earth, during which time the earth gave no grains Only in summer Persephone would be with her (1/3 of the year) so she would let things grow DIONYSUS (BACCHUS) God of Wine, Agriculture Patron of Drama Son of Zeus & Semele Born from Zeus’s thigh Name meaning twice-born Wine: Cheer & Sadness Comedy & Tragedy THE DEITIES OF EARTH • Lesser Deities – Pan – Leda – The Satyrs – Aeolus The Centaurs The Gorgons The Graiae The Sirens PAN God of Shepherds and Flocks Son of Hermes A fertility god representing male sexuality Always pursued the nymphs but was rejected; hairy body, goat’s horns, goat’s hoof Player of the reed pipe The noises he made in the forest at night put travellers in “panic” LEDA Wife of King Tyndareus of Sparta Mother of mortal Castor and Clytemnestra (Agamemnon’s wife), and immortal (from Zeus) Pollux and Helen of Troy Zeus visited Leda in the form of a swan THE SATYRS Deities of the woods and mountains Goat-men, upper part human, lower part goat They accompany Dionysus Dance, music, drinking and chasing the nymphs AEOLUS King of the Winds Four chief winds BOREAS ZEPHYR NOTUS EURUS North Wind West Wind South Wind East Wind Viceroy of the Gods Son of Hellen, the father of Greek nations Greece = Hellas THE CENTAURS Half human, half horse creatures Followers of Dionysus Mostly savage creatures Notorious for drunkenness and abducting helpless young maidens Only good centaur was the kind and wise Chiron, the teacher of Achilles THE GORGONS Dragon-like female creatures with wings, hair of living snakes, hands made of brass Three gorgons, Medusa is the only mortal one Their look turned men into stone (petrification) They lived in the ultimate west and guarded the entrance to the underworld THE GRAIAE Three old women with gray hair Sisters of the Gorgons Three of them share one eye and one tooth Lived on the farther bank of the Ocean THE SIRENS Creatures with the head of a female and the body of a bird They lived on an island With their enchanting song they lured sailors to death Their charm of their song was irresistible Odysseus listened to their song