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Computers Larry Long & Nancy Long © 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chapter 2: Software BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 1 Software Objectives Software Operating system purposes Windows concepts Software suite applications There are many applications for personal computers Graphics and multimedia BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 2 Software What is Software? Set of programs or instructions that tells the computer what to do. System Software Programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices Takes control of the PC on startup, and then plays a central role in all interactions with the computer. Application Software Designed and created to perform specific personal, business and scientific processing tasks. BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 3 Software System Software Operating System – System software programs, that monitor and controls all the I/O and processing operations in a computer Kernel one of the operating system programs, loaded into memory at start-up and remains there until the computer is shut down loads other operating system and application programs to RAM as they are needed Utility Programs – computer maintenance BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 4 Software Operating System Functions Facilitate communication between computer & its users. Facilitate communication among system components. Facilitate communication between linked computer systems. Maximize throughput Optimize use of computer system resources. Keep track of all files in a disk storage. Provide security for the computer system. Monitor all system capabilities and alert the user of system failure or potential problems. BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 5 Software Operating System Functions Allocating system resources Multitasking – more than one program running at a time Foreground – program that is active Background – programs of lower priority BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 6 Software User Interface Text-based, command driven interface Eg. MS DOS Graphical User Interface Eg. MS Windows Pointing device such as a mouse Icon – picture that represents a file or a computer task BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 7 Software PC Operating Systems and Platforms PC/Windows Platform (Wintel) Older versions of Windows Windows 95/98 Windows ME Modern PC Operating Systems Windows XP – plug and play Windows 2005 Server Windows CE.NET Designed for hand-held, pocket PCs, and other small devices. BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 8 Software Other Computer Platforms The Macintosh/Mac Platform Unix – multiuser operating system Linux – open source version of Unix Open source – source code is available to users for review and modification LindowsOS – Linux based, Windows compatible BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 9 Software Utility Programs Disk and file maintenance System recovery Security Backup Virus protection BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 10 Software Windows Concepts and Terminology Window – rectangular area on the screen Desktop – where Windows icons are displayed Application window Active window Open application Workspace BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 11 Software Windows Concepts and Terminology Menus – lists of user choices Pull-down menus Shortcut keys Toolbars – contain buttons for frequently used commands Dialog box – allows the user to provide information to the software BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 12 Software Working with Files File -Recording of information in an electronic format -String of 0s and 1s (digitized data) that are stored and retrieved as a single unit. -Each file has a user supplied name by which it is stored and retrieved. File types: ASCII – text only Data – contains data BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 13 Software Working with Files File types: Document – word processor file contain text and embedded images Spreadsheet – rows and columns of data Web page Source program – user-created instructions to the computer Executable – contains executable machine language code Graphics – contains digitized images Audio – contains digitized sound Video – contains digitized video BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 14 Software Working with Files A file’s optional 3 character extension indicates the type of file ASCII file: filename.txt Microsoft Access data file: filename.mdb Microsoft Word document file: filename.doc Microsoft Excel spreadsheet file: filename.xls Web page file: filename.htm Visual Basic source file: filename.vbp Executable program file: filename.exe Graphic files: filename.gif, filename.bmp, filename.jpg, filename.tif, or filename.pcx Audio file: filename.wav Video file: filename.mov BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 15 Software Working with Files What can be done to a file? Create, name, save Copy, move, delete Retrieve, update Display, print, play Execute Download/upload Import – open a file from another program Compress – reduce the size of a file so it can be uploaded more quickly Zip file – the reduced file. It must be unzipped before it can be used. BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 16 Software File Management Windows Explorer – file management tool Folders – used to organize a storage device such as a hard disk or diskette Path – indicates what folder a file is stored in BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 17 Software File Management Activities Save/Save As Open Copy Cut Delete Rename BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 18 Software Productivity Software: The Software Suite Software suite – set of applications bundled together as a single unit. Eg. MS Office Word processing Presentation Software Spreadsheet Software Database Software Personal information management Software (PIM). BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 19 Software Productivity Software: The Software Suite Word processing Spell checker Online thesaurus Grammar and style checker BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 20 Software Productivity Software: The Software Suite Presentation software Text Photos/images Charts and graphs Original drawings Clip art Audio clips Full-motion video Online thesaurus Grammar and style checker BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 21 Software Productivity Software: The Software Suite Spreadsheet software Rows and columns Cell – intersection of a row and a column Cell address – column and row the cell appears in BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 22 Software Productivity Software: The Software Suite Database software Create and maintain a database Extract information Make inquiries Sort records Generate reports BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 23 Software Productivity Software: The Software Suite Personal Information Management (PIM) software Messages Appointments Contacts Tasks BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 24 Software PC Software Shareware – author counts on the honor system for payment; copyrighted Freeware – may be used free of charge; copyrighted Public-domain software – may be used without restriction; not copyrighted BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 25 Software PC Software Home and family software Legal advisors Hobbies Education and edutainment software Reference software Business and financial software BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 26 Software Graphics Software and Multimedia Multimedia – use of text, pictures, animation, and sound to present an idea Graphics software – allows the user to create pictures on a computer BIS 100 Chapter - 2 Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph 27