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‫بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم‬
Session Two
Islamic Belief [in Allah]
In the Light of the Qur’an and the Sunnah
‫العقيدة االسالمية في ضوء القرآن والسنة‬
ANOTHER MAJOR DEVIATION – AL-MURJI’A
They did to Islam what Paul did to the teachings
of Isa
 Separated deeds from belief
 They said: “Sin does no harm as long as the
individual believes.”
 Islam: Deeds are part of iman – it increases
with good deeds and decreases with bad
deeds.
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TWO EXTREMES BOTH WRONG
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The way of the Khawarij caused despair in the forgiveness of
Allah.
And, it caused killing and separation among the Muslims.
The way of the Murji’a removed the motivation for good deeds
and obedience.
It causes Islam – individual and collective – to disintegrate.
Islam: The iman of those who sin is imperfect, but they are still
among the Muslims and their judgment is up to Allah in the
hereafter.
Unless that sin itself constitutes kufr.
‘AQEEDAH VS. PHILOSOPHY AND ‘ILM AL-KALAAM
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Both address the same issues:
 The
origin and purpose of the universe
 The means to short-term and long-term felicity.
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Major differences between them:
 Origin
and sources
 Methodology
 Influence
 Effects
ORIGIN AND SOURCES

Philosophy is a strictly human endeavor
 Weaknesses
and limitations
 Influenced by environment
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‘Aqeedah is from Divine Communication
 Decisive
truth which falsehood cannot approach
 Basic understanding comes without effort.
METHODOLOGY
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Many start from the human psyche
Empirical and reason the only sources of knowledge
So-called ‘ilm al-kalaam followed their precepts and
methodology.
Wajib al-wujood
Islam: call to worship Allah alone is the starting point
Knowledge of Allah is the foundation of all knowledge
Not mere affirmation, but worship and submission
IMPACT
Philosophy, based on the human mind
exclusively is often self-aware of shortcomings
 Fundamental truths – whose source is the
Creator – in no need of “re-examination”
 Sensory vs. certain knowledge
 Purpose: philosophy->knowledge; aqeedah
->imaan.
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STYLE
‘Aqeedah addresses all aspects of human
experience.
 Evokes understanding of universal realities
which cannot be put into words
 Philosophy attempts to capture universal
realities – beyond human comprehension into
words and terms.
 ‘Aqeedah should never be approached this way
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DEDUCTION
Both use physical signs to indicate Allah’s
Oneness
 Qur’an avoids universal analogies which put
Creator and creation on the same level.
 Many philosophical arguments are weak
leading to rejection of truth
 Some of them reject truth directly
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RESULTS – NO MEETING POINT
Learning what is in the Qur’an increases iman
 Islam is complete and perfect and in no need
of being “reconciled” with anything else.
 All else is either falsehood or a mix of truth and
falsehood
 Islam did not come to be ruled by peoples’
ideas but rather to correct and direct those
ideas.
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RESPONSE OF THE SCHOLARS
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Those who rejected it immediately
 Ash-Shaafi’i,
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Those who immersed themselves in it and later
regretted and repented
 Ar-Razi,
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Ahmad, others
Al-Ghazali
Those who studied it only to expose its
weakness
 Ibn
Taimia
WHAT IS NEEDED
The vast difference between a man of
philosophy and a man of ‘aqeedah
 Men of ‘Aqeedah can deal with what ails this
Ummah, philosophy cannot
 The difference between holding an opinion and
believing in something.
 Evidence led to the Creator; His message not
subject to evidence after that.
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