Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
NR 322: Quick History of GIS Jim Graham Fall 2008 Where does it start? • When was the first time someone scratched a map in the sand? • Carved the number of fruit trees on their land onto a plank of wood? Town Plan from Catal Hyük (6200 B.C.) http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.missbarbara.net/carto.gif&im Newgrange (3300 BC) Stonehenge (3000BC) First World Map: 500 BCE • Neo-Babylonian (Persian Period) • Copy of an original dating to the Sargonid Period, circa late eighth or seventh century BCE Interpretation http://www.henry-davis.com/MAPS/AncientWebPages/103.html Homer’s View of the Earth Roman fresco globe 50 A.D. Madaba Mosaic Map: Palestine, 565 A.D. Plan of Jerusalem, c. 1200 • Psalter-fragment • The Hague Pietro Vesconte's World Maps, 1321 East Henry The Navigator • Portuguese prince • Born: 1394 • 1498 Vasco de Gama sailed from Portugal to India Cantino world map (1502) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_world_maps Piri Reis map (1513) First Map of 4 Known Continents Sebastian Munster 1544 Medieval map of the Black Sea Polynesian Stick Maps Buddhist Temple Complex Position • Sun, Moon, and Stars? • Sun, Moon, Stars and Stexant -> Latitude • Sun, Moon, Stars, Stextant, and Chronometer -> Latitude and Longitude • GPS Direction • Sun, moon, and stars • Compass • GPS (as long as you are moving!) Recent Past • Surveying with glass optics and “chains” – USGS Topographic Maps • Charts and Sextants • Compasses • Street Maps Current GIS • Computers with GIS Software (ArcGIS) • Aerial & Satellite photography • Laser surveys • LandSat Satellite Images • GPS Satellite Network Future of GIS? • Interconnected Earth – Google Earth? ------------------------------- Martin Behaim globe (1492) Fra Mauro world map (1459) World map according to Posidonius (150-130 B.C.)