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Religions
Snapshot
JUDAISM
STAR OF DAVID
Symbol
The supreme being of
The Jewish religion is
God
Also known as
Yahweh
In Hebrew which means
“The lord” or “the creator”
It is taught that
Abraham is the
Father of the
Jewish religion. It
is believed that he
was the first
monotheistic Jew
and began to
spread the beliefs
of Judaism around
1900 B.C.
Abraham
began to
teach the
beliefs and
customs of
Judaism in
the land of
Canaan in
modern
day
Palestine
The Hebrew bible is
known as the
Tanakh.
The first five books
comprise the Torah,
which are divine
writings by Moses.
The synagogue is the Jewish place of
worship.
The ultimate goal of people of the
Jewish religion is to reach heaven.
THIS IS DONE BY FOLLOWING THE
CUSTOMS AND LAWS OF THE FAITH
AND LIVING A SPIRITUALLY MORAL
LIFE- ethical monotheism
The main teachings of the religion are:
-The belief that there is one God.
-Every person is accountable to
God for their actions.
-Believe and follow the 10
commandments given to Moses.
DIVISIONS/BRANCHES OF
JUDAISM
-Orthodox Judaism: Believe that Moses was given the
Torah by God on Mt. Sinai.
-Conservative Judaism: Believe that the ideas of the
Torah were transmitted through humans from God.
-Reform Judaism: Believe that the Torah was written
by different human sources, rather than by God.
-Reconstructionist Judaism: Do not believe that Jewish
people are Gods chosen people and follow customs
and laws because of historical beliefs rather than
religious.
-Humanistic Judaism: Founded in 1963; do not believe
in a supernatural authority, but following Jewish
customs combined with Humanistic values.
Israel is the
main area of
influence
today.
THIS GRAPH
SHOWS THAT
.22% OF THE
WORLDS
POPULATION
PRACTICE THE
JEWISH FAITH
CHRISTIANITY
The Cross
SUPREME BEING
• GOD
FOUNDER
• JESUS OF
NAZARETH
• 6BC-29AD
• PALESTINE
(MODERN
ISRAEL)
SACRED WRITINGS • HOLY BIBLE
• (NEW AND OLD
TESTAMENT)
PLACE OF WORSHIP
• CHURCH
MAIN TEACHINGS/ULTIMATE
GOAL
• ETHICAL
MONOTHEISM
• TEN
COMMANDMENTS
• JESUS IS THE SON
OF GOD AND
SAVIOR OF THE
WORLD
• HEAVEN
DIVISIONS
• ROMAN CATHOLIC
• EASTERN ORTHODOX
• PROTESTANT
Major Traditional Branches of Christianity
(mid-1995; source: Encyclopedia Britannica)
Branch
Number of Adherents
Catholic
968,000,000
Protestant
395,867,000
Other Christians
275,583,000
Orthodox
217,948,000
Anglicans
70,530,000
AREAS OF INFLUENCE TODAY
•
•
•
•
NORTH AMERICA
CENTRAL AMERICA
SOUTH AMERICA
EUROPE
PERCENTAGE OF WORLD’S
POPULATION
33%
ISLAM
“Submission to the will of Allah”
Crescent Moon
SUPREME BEING
Allāh
The Arabic word referring to “God”
“The Only God", The Supreme Creator
of the universe
MUHAMMED
622 AD
MECCA
The prophet Muhammed preaching to his followers.
QU’RAN
Revealed to Muhammad, over a period
of twenty-three years by the angel
Gabriel and regarded as God's final
revelation to mankind.
MOSQUE
FIVE PILLARS





FAITH – “There is no God but Allah”
PRAYER- 5 times a day toward Mecca
ALMS-Give money to less fortunate
FASTING-Holy month of Ramadan
PILGRIMAGE- (Hajj) Mecca
Ultimate goal - HEAVEN
Divisions of Islam


Sunni – Predominately located in
most of the Islamic world
Shi’a – Traditionally located in Iran
Areas of Influence
Africa, Indonesia, Middle East
HINDUISM
The oldest Eastern
religion
SACRED OM
• Used in meditation
• Represents three dimensions of earth, air
and heaven
• Refers to the important Hindu gods:
Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva
SUPREME BEING
BRAHMAN
“UNIVERSAL GOD”
ARYANS
•
•
•
•
NO ONE FOUNDER
Indo-European People/ARYANS
750 BC/India
Established a caste system
BRAHMA – THE CREATOR
•
VISHNU – THE PRESERVER
SHIVA – THE DESTROYER
VEDAS
• Sacred Writings
Oldest Hindu scripture
Contains prayers and hymns
TEMPLES
• Hindu temple focus
on the goal of
enlightenment and
liberation
KARMA - DESTINY
CAUSE:
The force
that drives a
person’s actions
EFFECT:
How a person acts
or reacts to
life’schallenges
REINCARNATION
• REBIRTH – Determined by karma
Bhagavad gita
“Just as a man discards worn out
clothes and puts on new clothes,
the soul discards worn out bodies
and wears new ones." (2.22)
MOKSHA
• A soul’s final resting place
DIVISIONS
• Shaktism
• Reform Hinduism
• Shaivites
• Vaishnavites
AREA OF INFLUENCE
INDIA
BUDDHISM
The teachings of
Siddhartha Gautama
The Wheel
It was founded in Northern India by the first
known Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama.
In 535 BC, he attained
enlightenment and
assumed the title Lord
Buddha (one who has
awakened)
Sacred Texts

Buddha died in 483 BC

a council of Buddhist monks collected his
teachings and the oral traditions of the faith into
written form, called the Tripitaka. This included a
very large collection of commentaries and
traditions; most are called Sutras (discourses).
http://www.religioustolerance.org/buddhism5.htm
Buddhist Holy Places
 Temples
http://www.buddhanet.net/boro.htm
Main Teachings
The Buddha's Four Noble Truths:
1.
Dukkha: Suffering exists:
(Suffering is real and and almost
universal. Suffering has many
causes: loss, sickness, pain, and
failure.)
2.
Samudaya: There is a cause for
suffering. (It is the desire to have
and control things. It can take
many forms: the desire for fame,
fear, anger or jealousy.)
3.
Nirodha: There is an end to
suffering. (Suffering ceases with
the final liberation of Nirvana.)
4.
Magga: In order to end suffering,
you must follow the Eightfold
Path.
The EightFold Path
The Buddha's Eightfold Path consists
of:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Right Understanding of the Four Noble
Truths
Right thinking
Right speech
Right conduct
Right livelihood
Right Effort
Right Mindfulness
Right Concentration: Meditate to achieve a
higher state of consciousness
Nirvana – A Buddhist Ultimate Goal
 Nirvana
is the state of final liberation from
the cycle of death and rebirth. It is also
therefore the end of suffering.
As Buddhism expanded across Asia, it evolved into two
main forms, which evolved largely independently from each
other:
I.
Theravada Buddhism: (sometimes called Southern
Buddhism; occasionally spelled Therevada) "has been
the dominant school of Buddhism in most of Southeast
Asia since the thirteenth century, with the establishment
of the monarchies in Thailand, Burma, Cambodia and
Laos."
II. Mahayana Buddhism: (sometimes called Northern
Buddhism) is largely found in China, Japan, Korea,
Tibet and Mongolia.
Buddhism is the fourth largest religion in the world,
being exceeded in numbers only by Christianity,
Islam and Hinduism.
Confucianism
Supreme Being…
 Confucius
a god…
is respected, but not
FOUNDER / DATE / PLACE
 Confucius
 551
B.C.
 China
SACRED WRITINGS
 Analects-
Writings of
confucius
PLACE OF WORSHIP…
 SHRINES
/ TEMPLES
 Nagasaki's Koshi-byo is one of the
few shrines dedicated to the Chinese
philosopher Confucius in Japan
MAIN TEACHINGS
5





basic relationships:
Ruler & Subject
Father & Son
Husband & Wife
Older Brother & Younger
Brother
Friend & Friend
Filial Piety…
 Respect
Your Elders !!
Main Teachings (continued)
 There
will be peace and
Harmony if everyone would
do their duty
AREAS OF INFLUENCE
CHINA