Download the earth`s interior

THE EARTH’S INTERIOR
Layers of the Earth
1. Crust
 2. Mantle
 3. Core
 Vary in size,
composition,
temperature, and
pressure

The Crust
 The
layer of rock
that forms Earth’s
outer surface.
 Basalt makes up the
oceanic crust
 Granite makes up
the continental crust.
 5-40 km thick
 Temperature is 57° -
The Mantle
 The
layer of hot,
solid material
between Earth’s
crust and core
 About 40 kilometers
below surface
 2,867 km thick
 Temperature is
2190° C
Lithosphere – a rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of
the mantle and the crust
Asthenosphere – the soft layer of the mantle on which the
lithosphere floats
The Core
 Located
below mantle
 3,480 km total thickness
 Made mostly of iron and nickel
 2 layers: outer core- liquid rock,

2266 km thick, 5624° C

inner core- solid rock,

1216 km thick, 5624° C
Earth’s Magnetic Field
 Caused
by the movement of the liquid
outer core
 Similar to the magnetic
field on a
Text
gigantic bar magnet
Convection and the Mantle
I. Types of Heat Transfer
•
•
•
Radiation
Conduction
Convection
radiation – the transfer of energy
through space
heat from the sun
heat from a fire
Conduction – heat transfer within a
material or between materials that
are touching
convection – the
transfer of heat by
movement of a fluid
Density -measure of
how much mass there is
in a volume of a
substance
D= M÷V
convection currents – the movement of a
fluid, caused by differences in temperature,
that transfers heat from one part of the fluid
to another