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Science
• The study of the natural world and its
processes.
Safety
• Prevention against hurt, injury, or loss.
Safety Equipment
• Tools used to prevent against injury or loss.
Scientific Method
• A method of research where scientists test a
problem and document their results.
Investigation
• A formal examination or research
Prediction
• A statement about something which may
occur.
Matter
• Anything that has mass and takes up space.
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Magnetism
• Attracted to a magnet because it contains
iron.
Mass
• Amount of matter in an object.
Physical State
• The classification of matter as a solid, liquid,
or gas.
Thermal Energy
• Energy that causes a change in temperature
between substances.
Inference
• An explanation based on what you already
know or what you have seen.
Relative Density
• Objects that are more dense sink in water, less
dense objects float in water.
Solubility
• Measurement of the ability for some types of
matter to dissolve in a liquid.
Dissolve
• To break down and spread out evenly in a
liquid.
Mixture
• A combination of two or more substances
where each keeps its own properties and can
be easily separated.
Electrical Energy
• Energy produced by the movement of
electrons.
Conductor
• Material that allows electric current or heat
energy to flow through easily.
Insulator
• Material that slows down or stops electric
current or heat from flowing.
Energy
Mechanical Energy
Light Energy
Sound Energy
Alternative Energy Resource
• Energy generated by natural processes that is
renewable.
Wind Energy
• Energy from moving air that turns the blades
of a turbine to generate electricity.
Solar Energy
• Energy that comes from the Sun.
Bio Fuel / Biomass
• Fuel made from plants, animal wastes, and
decomposing plant and animal tissue.
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Renewable Resource
• Materials from the Earth that can be replaced
by nature in a short period of time; for
example trees.
Nonrenewable Resource
• Materials from the Earth that cannot be
replaced within a reasonable amount of time;
for example, coal, oil, and natural gas.
Fossil Fuel
• A flammable material made from the waste
and remains of plants and animals in the
Earth’s crust that is used to produce heat and
power.
Hydroelectricity
• Electricity made from the energy of moving or
falling water.
Geothermal
• Energy that comes from the natural heat
inside the earth.
Electric Circuit
• The pathway through which electrical current
flows.
Electromagnetism
• Magnetism created by an electric current;
examples are MRI and Electric motors.
Force
• A push or pull that causes an object to move,
stop, or change directions.
Gravity
• A force that pulls objects toward the center of
Earth.
Friction
• A force that slows or stops motion when
objects rub together.
Inertia
• The property of an object that resists
movement by a force.
Kinetic Energy
• Energy in motion
Potential Energy
• Energy that is stored
Illuminate
• To light up
Reflection
• Energy waves bouncing off the surface of an
object. (mirrors or echoes return energy back
to their source)
Refraction
• Energy waves that bend (change direction and
speed) as they pass from one type of object to
another type.
Organic Matter
• The waste and remains of plants and animals
Pressure
• The action of force by one object against
another (in a geyser, hot water escapes the
pressure from under layers of the earth’s
crust)
Sedimentary Rock
• Rock made of layers of compressed organic
and inorganic sediments.
Oil
• A flammable liquid produced from organic
matter (remains of marine organisms) buried
under layers of sediments for millions of years.
Natural Gas
• A flammable material without a definite form,
produced from organic material (remains of
marine organisms) buried under layers of
sediments found near oil deposits.
Weathering
• The breakdown of rock into smaller particles
(sediments) from the effects of wind, water,
and ice.
Erosion
• The movement of weathered material on the
Earth’s surface by wind, water, or ice.
Deposition
• The build up of land by depositing sediment
and soil in a new location.
Landform
• Features on the surface of the earth such as
mountains, hill, dunes, oceans, and rivers.
Delta
• A triangle-shaped (deposit) landform at the
mouth of a river as it empties into another
body of water.
Canyon
• A deep gorge in the surface of the Earth
formed by the erosion of moving water and
sand.
Sand Dune
• Hills formed by the wind blowing sand
Volcano:
• Created from the mixture of molten lave, ash,
and gases from the middle of the Earth that
erupts through a crack in the Earth’s surface.
Earthquake
• A sudden release of energy under the Earth’s
surface that makes the ground shake or crack.