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Rock Type
Powerpoint
By: Allison, Brianna, & Jade
Table of Contents
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
Rock Cycle
Fly Swatter Game!!
Igneous
Rocks
(Fluid and Fire Rocks)
Facts
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Forms when hot magma beneath Earth’s surface cools down and
hardens.
The longer the lava takes to cool, the larger the rocks.
The rocks that form and harden below Earth’s surface that cool slowly
are called intrusive rocks.
Extrusive rocks form and harden as soon as they reach the Earth’s
surface and they cool quickly.
Igneous rocks are classified according to their composition and
texture.
Igneous rocks turn into sediment from weathering and erosion which
forms into sedimentary rock through lithification (compacting and
cementing).
By heat and pressure, igneous rocks can form into metamorphic
rocks.
When igneous rocks melt, magma is formed.
Magma is molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface, while lava is
molten rock on Earth’s surface. It becomes lava once it erupts from a
volcano.
Basalt
Granite
Obsidian
Scoria
A rock that forms below the surface of the Earth is
called a/an ____________ rock.
a) Inner
b) Intrusive
c) Outer
d) Extrusive
Sedimentary
Rocks
(Slowly Built Layer Rocks)
Facts
• Formed from particles of sand, pebbles, and shells.
• Those particles are called sediment that, over time, forms
layers that will harden and form sedimentary rocks.
• Formed in bottoms of lakes and oceans.
• Usually soft and can break easily but it does harden overtime.
• Only type of rock that can contain fossils.
• Transformed into metamorphic rock by heat and pressure.
• There are three main types of sedimentary rocks: clastic,
organic, and chemical.
• Clastic rocks are made of pre-existing pieces of rock.
• Organic rocks are made from organisms.
• Chemical rocks are made of large amounts of minerals that
were dissolved in water.
Sandstone
Limestone
Conglomerate
Breccia
Sedimentary rocks are the only type of rocks to
possibly contain what?
a) Magma
b) Crystals
c) Fossils
d) Lava
Metamorphic
Rocks
(Changes in Form Rocks)
Facts
• Form underneath the Earth’s surface from the process of
metamorphism where rocks change form due to
pressure and a great amount of heat
• Can form from intense heat, pressure, or chemical
reactions.
• When an igneous, sedimentary, and any other type of
rock morph together, metamorphic rocks are formed.
• The heat makes the rock more flexible for when it
undergoes change.
• Metamorphic rocks have ribbon like layers and could
possibly have skinny crystals.
• When metamorphic rocks melt, they turn into magma
which, over time, cools and forms igneous rocks.
Marble
Amphibolite
Schist
Quartzite
Click here to
take the Rock
Type Quiz
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
a) Right after lava erupts from
beneath Earth’s crust and turns into
magma.
b) By layers of sediment piling up
overtime.
c) From intense heat, pressure, or
chemical reactions
d) None of the above
The Rock Cycle
•The rock cycle is a cycle where rocks continually change
what type of rock they are over long periods of time.
• Heat and pressure, melting, weathering and erosion,
and compacting and cementing are all processes that
help change a rock into a different type of rock.
•The 1st diagram on the next slide shows how each type
of rock is formed.
•The 2nd diagram shows where each type of rock is
formed.
•The 3rd diagram is a very detailed and complex rock
cycle diagram just to show you how confusing the entire
rock cycle really is.
The Rock Cycle Diagrams
Fly Swatter!!
Win mints by beating your
opponent and getting the correct
answer!