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Why do Scientists Classify? 5/20/13 S: Find the density of the object below. An object was dropped into a graduated cylinder that contained 20 mL. Determine the volume of that object. The object was The mass placed on a triple beam balance. Image from http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/ Image from http://genchem.rutgers.edu/bal3b2.html The solution … Volume = Volume of water & object – volume of water Volume = 43 mL – 20 mL V = 23 mL M = 373.3 g Density = Mass ÷ Volume D = 373.3 g ÷ 23 mL D = 16.23 g/mL P: What is classification? • Classification is the grouping of things according to characteristics • The science of classifying organisms is known as taxonomy. A: PPT http://www.ric.edu/faculty/ptiskus/six_ kingdoms/ Why do Scientists Classify? • Why? – Easier to study – Less confusion – Easier to see connections • How? – Physical characteristics – DNA Group #1: Group #2: Group #3: Classifying Classroom Objects All of the items listed below can be found in a Science classroom. Classify each of the items into 6 groups, giving each group a heading based upon its contents. Group #4: Teacher Group #5: Paper towels Pencil holder Cabinets Radio Turtles Potted plants Stapler Picture frames Desk Stuffed animals Table Scotch tape Group #6: Projector Paper Soap Pens Fish TV Magnets Books Printer Scissors Sink Computer Students Windex DVD player Chairs Lamps Group #1: Electronics Group #2: Cleansers Group #3: Animals Classifying Classroom Objects Radio TV Printer DVD Player Computer Projector Soap Windex Paper Towels Turtles Fish Teacher Students All of the items listed below can be found in a Science classroom. Classify each of the items into 6 groups, giving each group a heading based upon its contents. Group #4: Furniture Teacher Group #5: Plants Paper towels Pencil holder Cabinets Scotch tape Soap Chairs Potted Plants Desk Radio Stapler TV Table Cabinets Turtles Picture frames Printer Lamps Picture Frames Potted plants Desk Computer Stuffed Animals Sink Stuffed animals Table DVD player Group #6: Supplies Projector Paper Pens Fish Pencil Holder Stapler Magnets Scotch Tape Pens Scissors Scissors Books Students Magnets Paper Chairs Books Sink Windex Lamps Scientists classify, or organize, them into groups based on similar characteristics. Domain Archaea Domain Bacteria Domain Eukarya Fungi Archaebacteria Protista Eubacteria Plantae Animalia The Greek philosopher Aristotle was the first person known to classify living things scientifically. Living things were classified as animals or plants. • Nearly two thousand years later, the Swedish biologist Carolus Linnaeus created a different classification system. He grouped animals and plants based on similarities in their structures. (ex. Backbone or not) Linnaeus’ system has changed over time because we continue to learn about more organisms. When scientists are classifying organisms they categorize them into groups called taxons. Organisms within a taxonomic group share similar characteristics which allow them to interact within the ecosystem in which they live. In the system today, groups that have the largest number of different organisms are called domains. There are three domains: 1. Archaea (archaebacteria) –the oldest and simplest organisms on earth 2. Bacteria (eubacteria) - more complex than archaea 3. Eukarya (eukaryotes)- most complex organisms Domains are broken down into smaller levels called kingdoms. The kingdoms are: Archaea(thermophiles-live in extreme heat) Bacteria (Staphylococcus – responsible for staph infections) Protista(blue-green algae) Plantae (flowering plants) Fungi (mushrooms) Animalia (insects) C: Identify the six kingdoms by completing the worksheet. E: Why is the use of scientific names so important in biology/life science? EduSmart on Taxonomic Classification 5/21/13 S: Identify the two factors that combine to keep the moon and Earth in orbit. The answers are … gravity inertia Image from http://www.comparestoreprices.co.uk/images/to/toyday-newtons-cradle.jpg P: Pop Quiz on Living Things A: Watch EduSmart C: Take Notes E: List two characteristics that can be used to classify an organism.
