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Physiology
STDs and Teens
Standards:
• BI10. c. Students know how vaccination protects an
individual from infectious diseases.
• BI10. d. Students know there are important differences
between bacteria and viruses with respect to their
requirements for growth and replication, the body’s
primary defenses against bacterial and viral infections,
and effective treatments of these infections.
• BI10. e. Students know why an individual with a
compromised immune system (for example, a person
with AIDS) may be unable to fight off and survive
infections by microorganisms that are usually benign.
Objectives:
• Explain how different organ systems work together to maintain
homeostasis.
• Understand the importance of maintaining a stable internal
environment in the human body.
• Explain the various ways your body protects itself from pathogens.
• Understand the role of antibodies in protecting your body against
infection.
• Explain how a vaccination protects an individual from infectious
diseases.
• Understand how HIV weakens and individuals immune system
causing AIDS.
• Understand how sexually transmitted diseases are passed
between individuals.
Sexually Transmitted Disease
Myths
• Can only get STDs by having “sex”
• You can look at someone and tell they
have an STD
• People with STDs show symptoms
immediately
• You can be tested for all types of STDs
• Condoms provide 100% protection from
STDs
STD Facts
• Unprotected sex and sex with multiple
partners greatly increases your chances of
getting a STD
• STDs are contracted by 12 million people
per year, the majority are teens
• 10,000 teens get a STD per day
• 1 out of 4 female teens has a STD
• Some STDs can show few or no
symptoms
Viral vs. Bacterial STD Infections
Viral
• Ex.-HPV, HIV,
Herpes, Hepatitis
Bacterial
• Chlmyadia, Syphilis,
Gonorrhea
• No cure
• Cured with antibiotics
(drug-resistant
bacteria)
Common STDs
Chlamydia
• Bacteria passed through sexual
contact, can be passed from
pregnant mother to the baby
• 1-3 weeks before symptoms occur
• Pain and discharge during
urination and sex, infertility,
swelling of testicles
• 2.3 mil infections per year in the
US (13-39)
• Because the cervix (opening to
the uterus) of teenage girls and
young women is not fully matured
and is probably more susceptible
to infection, they are at particularly
high risk for infection if sexually
active.
Gonorrhea
• Bacteria passed through sexual
contact, can be passed from
pregnant mother to the baby
• Can grow in mucus membranes
• Pain and discharge during
urination, genital sores, bladder
infections, sometimes no
symptoms
• 700,000 per year
• The highest reported rates of
infection are among sexually
active teenagers, young adults,
and African Americans.
Chlamydia
HIV/AIDS Facts
• 1 million Americans have HIV/AIDS
• 40,000 new cases of HIV/AIDS diagnosed per year in
US
• 100s of teens are diagnosed with HIV/AIDS per year
• 40 million people have HIV/AIDS worldwide
• 3 million people die per year worldwide from AIDS
• Cannot catch HIV/AIDS from casual contact
• Prevention-If sexually active-testing, abstinence, latex
condoms, avoiding contact with body fluids from sex
Effect of HIV on the Body
Prevention of STDs
• Abstinence-no “sex”
• Protection-latex condoms, not 100%
• Monogamous relationships with one
partner that has been tested (how do you
know?-not the best option for teens)
Summary Questions:
• What are the differences between
bacterial and viral STD infections?
• What are some common myths of STDs
and why are they incorrect?
• What are some of the symptoms of one of
the STDs discussed today?
• Which groups of people are at the highest
risk of getting an STD?