Download Technology of Engineering Food

Technology of Engineering
Food
The common between...
flounder
tomato
Tomato has an engineered gene from the flounder
 Antifreezing gene
Survey
- What is biotechnology?
- What is DNA?
- What kind of mechanisms do exist?
- What is the best method?
- What is Biotechnology?
Biotechnology
- What is DNA?
- What kind of mechanisms do exist?
- What is the best method?
- What is Biotechnology?
DNA
- What is DNA?
- What kind of mechanisms do exist?
- What is the best method?
Shortening of:
deoxiribonucleic acid
-Segments of DNA are called
genes
-Four bases
(Guanin, Cytosin, Adenin, Thymin)
-Bases are connect with sugar and
phosphat
Double-helix-structure
(like a spiral staircase)
- What is Biotechnology?
- What is DNA?
Mechanisms
- What kind of mechanisms do
exist?
- What is the best method?
Biologically
Mechanically
Vector: Bacterium
Injection
Vector: Virus
Biolistic
Protoplast Transformation
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens
Virus
Protoplast Transformation
- Taking a cell from an organism
- Dissolving of the cellwall by enzymes
 Protoplast is left over
- Adding the new DNA
- Cellwall has to recover in a growth media
Injection
Injecting new DNA with a needle
into the nucleus of a cell.
Biolistic
1. Small beads coated with DNA are
load in a gene gun.
2. Shooting the ball into the cell nucleus
3. It cuts the DNA section of the cell and „glues“ the desired DNA
into it.
Marker Genes
To find out if the transformation has been succesfull
scientists intodruce a marker gene to the host.
Cells which have been transformed will grow in a media
while the other cells will die.
- What is Biotechnology?
- What is DNA?
Best Method
- What kind of mechanisms do exist?
-What is the best method?
Method
Pros
Cons
Vector:
Bacteria, Virus
Natural process
Parts from the bacteria
or virus DNA are insert
too
Protoplast
transformation
Only the desiered DNA
is transferred
Cellwalls have been
damaged
Injection
Biolistic
Only the desiered DNA
is transferred
Nothing special
Maybe damaging the
cellwall with the needle;
High rate of failure
Foreign things like
titanium or gold are also
insert
Isn´t it fantastic what the
scientists can do with their
technology?
But what will the future bring?
Do scientists know their limits?