Download Non-Communicable Diseases Chapter 19

Non-Communicable Diseases
8.1h – Risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases.
Bell Ringer: Pick up off the chair
Complete both sides!
Journal: How can lifestyle choices affect a person’s health?
Inventory: Prevention and your Health
What is a Non-Comm. Disease?
• Definition: Diseases that cannot be spread
from person to person.
• EX: You cannot catch diabetes from
someone who has this disease.
Congenital Disorders?
• All disorders that are present when the baby
is born.
• EX: Cystic Fibrosis and Sickle-cell anemia
Heredity?
• Is the passing of traits from parents to their
children.
• EX: A pregnant woman who drinks alcohol
may give birth to a child with fetal alcohol
syndrome.
Lifestyle Choices and Diseases
• Heredity, age, gender, and ethnic group are factors
which people have no control.
• To decrease your risk of disease:
Eat healthful foods
Stay Physically Active
Maintain healthy weight
Get enough sleep
Manage stress
Avoid tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs
Cancer?
• Definition: Is a disease characterized by the
rapid and uncontrolled growth of abnormal
cells.
• It can affect people of all ages.
• 2nd leading cause of death in the U.S.
Tumor?
• A mass of abnormal cells.
• Tumors can be:
– Benign: Not Cancerous
– Malignant: Cancerous
Types of Cancer:
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Skin Cancer
Breast Cancer
Reproductive Organ Cancer
Lung Cancer
Colon and Rectal Cancer
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Diagnosing Cancer
• Dr’s can identify a group of abnormal cells
when looking at the skin.
• They may feel a lump where the tissue
should be soft.
• X-Rays/Scanning Equipment can also
locate abnormal cell formations.
• If something suspicious shows up…a
biopsy is done.
Biopsy?
• The removal of a sample of tissue from a
person for examination.
Warning Signs of Cancer
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Change in bowel of bladder habits.
A sore that does not heal.
Unusual bleeding or discharge.
Thickening or lumps in the body.
Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing.
Obvious change in mole or wart.
Nagging cough or hoarseness.
Treating Cancer
• Surgery
• Radiation Therapy
• Chemotherapy
• http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesa
ndconditions/cancer/
Heart and Circulatory Problems:
• Heart Disease: any condition that weakens
the heart and blood vessels and makes them
less functional.
2 types of Heart Disease:
• Arteriosclerosis: A group of disorders in
which arteries harden and become more
rigid.
• Atherosclerosis: occurs when fatty
substances in the blood build up on the
walls of the arteries.
Other Cardiovascular Problems:
• Hypertension: pressure of the blood on the
walls of the blood vessels stays at a level
that is higher than normal.
• Stroke: condition that occurs when an
artery of the brain breaks or becomes
blocked.
• Heart Attack: blood flow to the heart is
reduced or blocked.
Treating Heart Disease:
• Angioplasty: an instrutment is inserted into
a blocked artery to clear blockage.
• Medications
• Pacemakers
• Bypass/Heart Valve Surgery
• Heart Transplants
Diabetes
• Def: a disease that prevents the body from
converting food into energy.
• Their bodies do not produce/properly use
Insulin.
• Insulin: a protein made in the pancreas that
regulates the level of glucose in the blood.
Two Types of Diabetes:
• Type 1: the immune system attacks insulinproducing cells in the pancreas.
Often starts in childhood.
• Type 2: the body cannot effectively use the
insulin in produces.
90-95% of diabetics have type 2, usually
begins in adulthood.
Managing Diabetes:
• Healthy Eating
• Weight Management
• Insulin Injections
• Medical Care
http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjur
iesandconditions/diabetes/
Arthritis
• Defintion: is a disease of the joints marked
by painful swelling and stiffness.
– More then 40 million people in the United
States have arthritis.
Two Types of Arthritis:
• Osteoarthritis: disease that results from a
breakdown in cartilage in the joints.
• Rheumatoid arthritis: a chronic disease
characterized by pain, inflammation,
swelling, and stiffness in the joints.
Managing Arthritis
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Physical Activity and Rest (Balance)
A balanced eating plan
Joint protection (Braces/splints)
Heat and cold treatments
Medication
Massage
Surgery and Joint Replacement
Allergies
• Definition: an extreme sensitivity to a
substance.
• Allergens: substances that cause allergic
responses.
Common Allergens
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Pollen
Food
Insect bites or stings
Plants
How to Manage Allergies:
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Avoid the allergen.
Take medication.
Antihistamines.
Get Injections.
http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjur
iesandconditions/allergies/
Asthma:
• Definition: a condition in which the small
airways in the lungs narrow, making
breathing difficult.
• 20 million people in the US have asthma.
• About 1/3 of those people are under 18.
Managing Asthma:
• Manage the environment.
• Manage Stress
• Take Medication
http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjur
iesandconditions/asthma/
Table of Contents:
Homework:
Anything NOT finished!
STOP NON-COMMUNICABLE
DISEASES VIDEO
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4nHMV
_420zg&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_
mode=1&safe=active