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MAMMOGRAPHY Spring 2011 MAMMOGRAPHY FACTS ____ in _____ women who live to _____ will develop breast cancer Most common malignancy in women, only lung cancer kills more women _______________________________________________ Before Mammo fewer than_____ of pt’s survived ___years after diagnosis with a ________recurrence With a radical mastectomy survival increased to______ with a _______________recurrence GOAL OF MAMMOGRAPHY Detect cancer before it is ________________ Early detection, __________________ and treatment is the key to a favorable ________________ HOW WOULD YOUR FAMILY FEEL WITH YOU MISSING FROM THE FAMILY PICTURE? HOW WOULD YOU FEEL ABOUT YOUR FATHER, BROTHER OR MOTHER MISSING FROM THE FAMILY PICTURE? ANATOMY OF THE BREAST Vary in ________________ Cone shaped with the post surface (base) overlying the _______& _______ muscles Axillaries tail extends from ________ to ____________ Tapers ant. from the base ending in ______________ surrounded by areola FEMALE BREAST Consists of _______ lobes Divide into several lobules Lobules contain _____ draining ducts and ______________ By _______________ years each breast contains hundreds of lobules LYMPH NODES Lymphatic vessels of the breast drain laterally and medially ______ into the axillary _________ into the mammary lymph nodes lymph nodes (C & D) ______drain toward axilla _______toward mammary chain (F) QUADRANTS OF THE BREAST 3 TISSUE TYPES BREAST CHANGES WITH AGE BREAST CLASSIFICATIONS FIBRO-GLANDULAR BREAST Fibro-glandular Dense with very little fat Females ___________ years of age Or ______ years or older without children __________________ FIBRO-FATTY BREAST ________________ Average density _______ fat & _______fibro-glandular Women ________years of age Or women with ________ or more children FATTY BREAST Fatty ____________ density Women __________________ (postmenopausal), men and children POSITIONING OUCH! WHY COMPRESSION? Two Reasons: Decrease __________ of breast tissue Reduce ____________ CRANIO- CAUDAD :CC DIAGRAM OF PROPER CC POSITIONING CC IMAGES MEDIO-LATERAL OBLIQUE: MLO MLO DIAGRAM FOR PROPER POSITIONING MLO PROPERLY POSITIONED BILATERAL MLO BREAST IMPLANTS ARE THEY WORTH IT? COMPLICATION WITH BREAST AUGMENTATION Mammography has a__________ true positive rate for detecting breast cancer in those women without implants Decreases to _________with implants Because__________________ of breast tissue is obscured More images are needed than the standard two projections There is a risk of ______________________ the implant ELKLAND METHOD FOR IMAGING WITH BREAST IMPLANTS IMAGE COMPARISON WHICH IS THE PUSH BACK (ELKLAND)? MALE MAMMOGRAPHY AND CANCER MALE MAMMOGRAPHY ___________ men get breast cancer per year __________die Most are _________________ years or older Nearly all are primary tumors Symptoms include: ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________________________ Benign excessive development of male mammary gland Occurs in ___________________ of male cancer pt’s Survival rates with treatment are_______ for ___years CONE MAGNIFICATION CONE MAGNIFICATION DIGITAL VS. FILM LOCALIZATION OF NON-PALPABLE LESIONS LOCALIZATION __________________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________________ ADVANTAGES OF STEREOTACTIC Procedure done in __________________________ Approx. 1 hour long ___________________________inch long incision No _______________________________ needed No general anesthesia Less _____________________________ scarring No recovery time CONTRAINDICATIONS _________________________ near area of biopsy. Breast lesion ____________________to chest wall. Patient is on blood thinners such as ___________, ______, ________ which can result in hemorrhage . Patient has medical condition in which they cannot lie prone for an hour or so. __________________________________ BREAST SPECIMEN RADIOGRAPHY _______________ ______________________ OTHER INVASIVE BREAST PROCEDURES __________________________________ GALACTOGRAPHY / DUCTOGRAPHY INDICATIONS OF GALACTOGRAPHY Nipple Discharge ______, ________, __________, _________&___________ Can be considered benign or malignant Approx ________________bloody discharges = cancer Other causes can be a ______________________ (shows as a filling defect on film) _________________discharge more worrisome than if discharge must be expressed manually ______________________________________ ____________ Could defect be an indication of ________________ OTHER IMAGING MODALITIES __________________________________ BREAST ___________________ MRI VS MAMMO MRI VS. MAMMO DIGITAL VS. CONVENTIONAL DIGITAL VS. CONVENTIONAL
