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Lecture 8
Object Oriented Programming in Java
Advanced Topics
Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)
June 1, 2000
Object Oriented Programming in Java (95-707)
Java Language Basics
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Today’s Lecture
• Trail: JDBC(TM) Database Access
• Lesson: JDBC Basics
• Other resource: JDBC Short Course
–
http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/onlineTraining/Database/JDBCShortCourse/index.html
June 1, 2000
Object Oriented Programming in Java (95-707)
Java Language Basics
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History
• Structured Query Language (SQL)
• ODBC
• JDBC
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Data Definition Language
• creating databases
• creating tables and columns
• creating indexes
• examples
– CREATE TABLE tablename ….
– CREATE INDEX anindexname ….
June 1, 2000
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Data Manipulation Language
• inserting records
• deleting records
• updating records
• examples:
– SELECT * FROM atable WHERE fieldname = ‘avalue’
– INSERT INTO atable VALUES(‘field1’,’field2’,’field3’)
– DELETE FROM atable WHERE fieldname = ‘avalue’
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Common Programming Steps
• With JDBC:
–
–
–
–
–
load drivers
connect to a database
create SQL statement
send SQL to database
disconnect from database
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Step 1: Loading Drivers
•
Sun’s provided driver
– JDBC-ODBC bridge driver
– good for prototyping
– not to be used for real production applications
•
Register the driver:
– DriverManager.registerDriver(new sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver())
June 1, 2000
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Design Point
– Guess what is the type of the parameter to the
DriverManager’s registerDriver method?
– What is the design significance?
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Step 2: Connecting
• DriverManager’s getConnection method
– several ways to specify the required parameters
• DriverManager.getConnection(URL,userid,password)
• Connection getConnection(URL,properties)
• Connection getConnection(URL)
• getConnection returns an object of type
“Connection”
June 1, 2000
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Design Point
– multiple ways to connect
– Use of public static methods to create a Connection
object: factory design pattern
– private constructor to prevent from instantiating the
class
– Connection is an interface
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Steps 3 & 4: Create and Send a SQL
Statement
• use the connection to create the statement
– Statement sql = con.createStatement();
• create a String with the SQL statement
– String s = “INSERT INTO tablename VALUES(\’field1\’, \’field2\’)”;
• send the statement to the driver/database
– sql.execute(s);
June 1, 2000
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Java Language Basics
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Step 5: Disconnect
• close the connection once you are done with it
• example:
– Connection con;
– ….
– con.close();
June 1, 2000
Object Oriented Programming in Java (95-707)
Java Language Basics
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Getting data from a database
• SQL
– SELECT field1, field2, field3 FROM atablename
• use Statement executeQuery method
– ResultSet resultSet = sql.executeQuery(“…”)
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Handling Result Sets
• the ResultSet class allows you to iterate
through the rows returned by the SQL
statement
• String s
• while(resultSet.next()){
– s = resultSet.getString(“field1”);
• }
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Getting Metadata
• ResultSetMetadata meta =
resultSet.getMetaData();
• int numOfColumns = meta.getColumnCount();
• String s = meta.getColumnLabel(1);
• String s = meta.getColumnTypeName();
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Multiple execute methods
• for INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE:
– stmt.executeUpdate(“...”);
• for obtaining result sets
– ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(“...”);
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Prepared Statement
• used for efficiency when the same statement
will be used multiple times
• PreparedStatement prepared =
connection.prepareStatement(“INSERT …”);
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synchronizing updates
• connection.commit();
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JDBC Hands-on - I
• Problem statement;
– first, we will create a small database using either the
text file or Access ODBC drivers.
• The database-table will have the following fields;
– FirstName VARCHAR
– LastName VARCHAR
– Grade
INTEGER
– second, we will create a Java program that inserts
and reads records into/from the database-table
– third, we will look at the metadata of the databasetable
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JDBC Hands-on - II
• configure a Data Source Name
– Bring up Control Panel
» Select the Start button
» Select the Settings menu item
» Select the Control Panel menu item
– Find and double-click on the ODBC Icon (32-bit/with 32
on it). This brings up the 'Data Sources' window.
» Select Add. This brings up the Add Data Source window.
– Select the driver for the type of driver you want.
»
»
»
»
If you selected Text, the ODBC Text Setup window appears.
Name the data source mage.
Fill in a description.
Select the directory in which you placed files from the initial
task.
– Select OK to accept new driver.
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JDBC Hands-on - III
• Create an empty text file which will later
contain your data
• make sure the text file is in the directory
specified when configuring the DSN
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JDBC Hands-on - IV
• Edit a Java program to start using the defined
DSN
Sample program
import java.sql.*;
public class JDBCTest{
public static void main(String arg[]) throws Exception{
DriverManager.registerDriver(new sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver());
Connection con =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:odbc:dsnname");
Statement s = con.createStatement();
s.execute("INSERT INTO file.txt VALUES(“...");
s.execute("INSERT INTO file.txt VALUES(“...”);
….
con.close();
}
}
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