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How to Solve Hardy-Weinberg • What is the percentage of any genotype and of any gene in a population? – ? % of Dominant Genes – ? % of Heterozygous Genotype – ? % of Recessive Genes Step by Step • For those students who prefer to approach these problems in a linear manner, I have outlined a few steps to follow . . . Step 1 – The Formula • 1. Be able to write out the formula from memory! • p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 • Remember: % + % + % = 100% • BB + Bb + bb = 100% • The % will be expressed as a decimal (e.g. 14% = 0.140) Step 2 - % with recessive trait • 2. I will give you the % of the population that has the recessive trait! • Or . . . . . You’ll be able to count it ! ! • # of rec/ total population • Since % will be expressed as a decimal, be sure to convert it! (e.g. 14% = 0.140) • The % = q2 Step 3 – The Value of ‘q’ • 3. Figure out q. • q = the Square Root of the % given above (i.e. the Square Root of 0.140) • Example q = .374 (round it to 3 decimal places) Step 4 – The Value of ‘p’ • 4. Figure out p. • p+q=1 therefore . . . . . • p=1-q • Example • p = 1 - .374 = .626 (p = .626) Step 5 - % of Dominant trait • 5. Figure out: • A) p2 – p2 = p x p – Example p2 = .626 x .626 = .391 (p2 = .391) (round it to 3 decimal places) Step 5 - % of Heterozygous • 5. Figure out Con’t. • B) 2pq – 2pq = 2(p x q) – 2(.626 x . 374) = 2(.234) (round it to 23decimal places) = .468 Step 6 – Complete the Formula • 6. Write the numbers out underneath the formula! • p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 • .391 + .468 + .140 = 1 • That’s all there is to it!