Download Red Blood Cell

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Blood
Blood vessels
Heart
Lymph system
Other animals
Composition of Blood
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Blood
Plasma
Cells
Protein Water
soluble
frinogen Ions,
gases
Enzyme Hormone
Albumin Soluble
food
Erythrocytes
(red blood cell)
Leucocytes
(white blood cell)
Blood platelets
Blood Plasma
Plasma is approx. 55% by vol. and contains
WATER (as a solvent)
SOLUBLE SUBSTANCES
nutrients
(eg. glucose, amino acids)
wastes
(eg. CO2, urea, excess minerals)
plasma protein
(blood clotting)
hormones
(internal messenger)
antibodies
(defense mechanism)
What is the cells?
A. Neutrophil: Most common type; constitutes 40-75% of circulating leucocytes. Highlylobulated nucleus (polymorphonuclear). Cytoplasm contains light purplish granules (large
lysosomes).
B. Eosinophil: Accounts for 1-6% of circulating leucocytes. Characteristically a bilobed
nucleus. Cytoplasm packed with large eosinophilic (dark pink; orange in this photo) granules.
C. Basophil: The least common leucocyte; <1% of circulating white blood cells. Has a
bilobed nucleus, often obscured by the numerous dense, basophilic (dark blue/purple) granules.
D. Lymphocyte: The smallest leucocyte. Makes up to 20-45% of circulating white blood
cells. Has a round, densely-stained nucleus and a small amount of lightly-stained non-granular
cytoplasm.
E. Monocyte: Constitutes 2-10% of leucocytes. Nucleus is large and indented, often with a
horseshoe or bilolobed appearance. Cytoplasm is very pale and non-granular in appearance.
F. Platelets: Small fragments of larger cells (megakaryocytes) present in the blood in large
numbers 150,000 - 400,000 per ml. Also known as thrombocytes. Important for blood haemostasis.
Red Blood Cell
What is the features and functions of
red blood cells
Question:
what is conclusion?
Functions of Blood
Transport
Nutrients
Gases
Wastes
Heat
antibodies
Hormones
Defense
White blood cell
Blood clotting
BLOOD PIGMENT
Contain Iron2+
Protein
O2 Transport
100%
0%
% saturation of haemoglobin with O2
Hb + 4O2
HbO2
Lung
Tissue
Oxygen Tension (kPa)
100%
0%
% saturation of haemoglobin with O2
Bohr Effect
CO2 Tension
2 kPa 5 kPa
Oxygen Tension (kPa)
8 kPa
CO2 Transport
Overall gases transport
BLOOD GROUP
The ABO Blood Group
Agglutination Reaction
Artery and Vein
Vein transport
mechanism
Capillary
Capillary system
Circulatory system
Heart
Cardiac muscle
valve
Nodes in heart
Sino-atrial node
Atrial-ventricular
node
Bundle of His
purkinje fibers
Pulse formation
Blood pumping
Animation
Pressure change in
heart
ECG
Mixed diagram
ECG
Abnormal beat
Control of Heart Beat
Affected by various factors e.g. PCO2,
blood pressure, pH
Affecting heart beat rate and volume
Controlled by nerves and hormone
Control of
heart rate
Carotid
body
Lymphatic system
Circulatory System in
other organism
open circulatory system
Open circulatory systems (evolved
in insects, mollusks and other
invertebrates) pump blood into a
hemocoel with the blood diffusing
back to the circulatory system
between cells. Blood is pumped by
a heart into the body cavities,
where tissues are surrounded by
the blood.
Closed Circulatory
System
Closed circulatory systems (evolved
in echinoderms and vertebrates)
have the blood closed at all times
within vessels of different size and
wall thickness. In this type of system,
blood is pumped by a heart through
vessels, and does not normally fill
body cavities.
Fish
Lung fish
Amphibian
Reptile
Mammals