Download Document

There are ~280 million Hb molecules in one
RBC. A single Hb molecule carries ___
molecule(s) of O2, which means that a single
RBC carries about ___ O2 molecules.
a. 1; 280 million
b. 8; 2 billion
c. 2; 1 million
d. 4; 1 billion
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
All of the following EXCEPT ___ lead to a
decrease in hematocrit.
a. dehydration
b. hemorrhage
c. problems with RBC formation
d. anemia
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why is it important that when iron binds to
oxygen that this is a temporary and reversible
interaction?
a. because the hemoglobin can then be fully
saturated
b. because the oxygen needs to dissociate
into tissues
c. because RBCs consume some of the
oxygen they carry
d. because carbon dioxide binds to the iron
molecule simultaneously
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
What accounts for males’ HCT (~46) being
higher than females’ HCT (~42)?
a. Males are larger than females.
b. Females’ RBCs are smaller than males’
RBCs.
c. Androgens stimulate RBC production.
d. Estrogens break down RBCs at a faster
rate than they are produced.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Under normal conditions, what is the fate of
the globular proteins of a recycled
hemoglobin molecule?
a. They are filtered by the kidneys and
eliminated in urine.
b. They are disassembled into their
component amino acids.
c. They are stripped of their heme unit and
converted into biliverdin.
d. They are converted to bilirubin and
excreted in bile.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
All of the following EXCEPT ___ are
characteristics of all types of WBCs.
a. can leave capillaries by diapedesis
b. are capable of amoeboid movement
c. are phagocytic
d. are attracted to specific chemical stimuli
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the nature of and purpose of surface
antigens on RBCs?
a. glycoproteins in the cytoplasm;
substances that your body recognizes as
foreign
b. receptor proteins; they aid the entry of
oxygen to RBCs
c. peripheral proteins; they trigger an
immune response
d. integral membrane glycoproteins or
glycolipids; substances your immune
system recognizes as “normal”
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which type of WBC is found in greatest
numbers in an infected cut?
a. monocytes
b. neutrophils
c. B lymphocytes
d. eosinophils
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Monocytes transform into ____ in tissues,
where they ____.
a. basophils; exacerbate inflammation
b. plasma cells; synthesize and release
antibodies
c. macrophages; are phagocytic and
release chemicals that attract neutrophils
d. natural killer cells; detect and destroy
abnormal tissue cells
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Sam has an infestation of large parasitic
worms. Which of the following will happen?
a. Eosinophils will release cytotoxic enzymes
from their granules.
b. Lymphocytes will engulf the worms by
phagocytosis.
c. Basophils will release histamine.
d. All types of WBCs will be damaged by the
parasites, causing leukopenia.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
If Derek has surface antigen B and D on his
RBCs, what blood type does he have? What
type of antibodies are in his plasma?
a. B+; anti-A antibodies
b. B–; anti-D antibodies
c. B+; anti-B antibodies
d. B–; anti-A antibodies
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Andrew has blood type O negative. What
type of blood can he receive from a donor?
Why?
a. O negative or positive; he has anti-A and
anti-B antibodies in his plasma.
b. A, B, or O; he has no surface antigens on
his RBCs.
c. O negative; he has anti-A and anti-B
antibodies in his plasma.
d. None of the above is correct.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why can’t a person with Type A blood safely
receive blood from a person with Type B
blood?
a. Mixing blood types causes infections in the
recipient.
b. The anti-A antibodies in Type A’s plasma
would react with Type B’s donated blood.
c. Type B blood would agglutinate in the
recipient’s blood vessels and plug small
vessels to vital organs.
d. All of the above are correct.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why is it unlikely that the antibodies in the
plasma of a Type O donor would cause a
transfusion reaction in a Type A recipient?
a. Surface antigens on RBCs are more
important in determining compatibility.
b. The plasma portion of donated blood is tiny
when compared to the volume of plasma in
the recipient’s body.
c. Plasma is not transfused in blood
donations.
d. O blood doesn’t have any antibodies in its
plasma.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why is cross-matching performed, even
though both donor and recipient are known to
be the same blood type?
a. It reveals the presence of potential crossreactions with surface antigens other than
A, B, and Rh.
b. It ensures that neither donor nor recipient
is anemic.
c. It confirms the HIV status of the donor.
d. It ensures that the donor does not have
WBCs outside the normal range.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the phases of hemostasis occurs
first?
a. platelet phase
b. vascular phase
c. fibrinolysis phase
d. coagulation phase
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Cirrhosis is a consequence of chronic liver
disease where the tissue becomes fibrotic. How
could this disease impact the blood?
a. It can cause a decrease in the ability of
blood to clot due to decreased production of
fibrinogen.
b. It can decrease the production of
immunoglobulins and decrease the ability to
fight infection.
c. It can decrease the osmotic pressure of the
blood.
d. It can impact all of the above.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is NOT true of
platelets?
a. They are packets of cytoplasm produced
from megakaryocytes.
b. They release chemicals important to
clotting.
c. Their formation is stimulated by
thrombopoietin.
d. They are derived from lymphoid stem
cells.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Following surgery for stomach cancer, Joe
has been diagnosed with pernicious anemia.
Which of the following is most likely the cause
of this problem?
a. He may not be absorbing vitamin B12
from his diet since the operation because
of less intrinsic factor.
b. He has iron deficiency anemia because of
his cancer.
c. He is producing too much intrinsic factor
following surgery.
d. All of the above are correct.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which condition below would stimulate the
release of erythropoietin (EPO)?
a. hypoxia produced by high altitude
b. kidney disease
c. low blood pressure due to internal
bleeding
d. all of the above
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
In which organ are most plasma proteins
synthesized?
a. spleen
b. bone marrow
c. kidneys
d. liver
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
All of the following EXCEPT ____ is a major
function of blood.
a. transport of dissolved gases, nutrients,
and hormones
b. stabilization of body temperature
c. storage for calcium ions
d. defense against toxins and pathogens
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why is venipuncture a common technique for
obtaining a blood sample?
a. Blood pressure is relatively low in veins.
b. Superficial veins are easy to locate.
c. Venous walls are thinner than arterial
walls.
d. All of the above are correct.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the primary difference between
plasma and interstitial fluid?
a. Plasma contains significantly more
protein.
b. Interstitial fluid contains no respiratory
gases.
c. The concentration of ions is significantly
less in plasma.
d. Interstitial fluid contributes very little to
the volume of ECF in the body.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which characteristics of blood contribute to its
high viscosity?
a. its temperature is slightly above body
temperature
b. interactions among proteins, formed
elements, and water molecules in plasma
c. its alkalinity
d. the percentage of body weight it comprises
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
What contributions from the Extrinsic and
Intrinsic Pathways help form the enzyme
complex necessary to begin the Common
Pathway?
a. Factors VIII and IX from the Extrinsic
Pathway; Factor VII from the Intrinsic
Pathway
b. Factor III from the Extrinsic Pathway; Factor
XII from the Intrinsic Pathway
c. Factor VII from the Extrinsic Pathway;
Factors VIII and IX from the Intrinsic
Pathway
d. none of the above
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.