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An Educational Perspective
Based on Information Contained In
The Indiana Prevention Resource Center
Factline on Ketamine.
By the end of this presentation:
you will have…
(1) Been exposed to general information about
Ketamine.
(2) Learned some basic facts about Ketamine users in
Indiana.
(3) Viewed the potential consequences of Ketamine
use, both short-term and long-term.
(4) Learned about prevention efforts in Indiana.
Indiana Prevention Resource Center
•Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic which first
became available in 1960 for veterinary medicine
•Today, Ketamine is considered a treat due to its
potentially addictive and harmful side effects.
•In the early 1990’s Ketamine became a popular
drug of abuse among the rave and techno scene
due to its hallucinogenic properties.1
Ketamine appears as a white or off white
powder, resembling cocaine and crystal
methamphetamine.
It is also available in liquid form that
is commonly injected intramuscularly.
Because it has no odor or color,
Ketamine in liquid form closely
resembles water.
Data from the 2003 Monitoring the Future study
showed a decrease in prevalence of the drug.
• Eighth graders shows a .2 percent decrease in use
from 2002 to 2003.
• Tenth graders show a decline in use from 2.2
percent in 2002 to 1.9 percent in 2003.
• Students in twelfth grade showed a decrease of .5
percent over the same time period.
Indiana Prevention Resource Center
• Ketamine is produced commercially for use as a veterinary
anesthetic in United States
• It is acquired for illegal use mainly by theft from veterinary
clinics.
• According to the Drug Enforcement Agency, a large portion of
the Ketamine circulating on the streets of the U.S. is acquired
illegally from legitimate pharmacies in Mexico
•Additionally, some Ketamine is smuggled from other countries
such as Germany and Belgium
Indiana Prevention Resource Center
When taken in low doses (25 -100mg), Ketamine
produces a dream like state, altering perceptions and
causing dissociation between the user and his or her
surroundings (the user is aware of his/her
surroundings, but is unable to respond).
Indiana Prevention Resource Center
At relatively high doses it can cause :
•memory loss
•learning impairment
•loss of motor control
•paralysis
•high blood pressure
•respiratory distress.
• At high doses, the user will sometimes
encounter “out of body” experiences referred
to as “K-Holes.”
• Very high doses, approximately 1 gram,
can be fatal. Long-term use increases the
risk of heart attack and stroke.
Although Ketamine is popular for illegal recreational
purposes, it can be used legally in medical and
veterinary practices and is available under the brand
names: Ketalar, Ketaset, Vetalar and Ketajet.
Ketamine is identified as Schedule II drug under
Controlled Substance Act (1997) because it can lead
to physical and psychological dependence.
Indiana Prevention Resource Center
The Indiana Prevention Resource Center’s Survey on Alcohol,
Tobacco, and Other Drug Use by Indiana Children and
Adolescents; Data from 1996-2005.
http://www.drugs.indiana.edu/survey/atod/index.html
The Indiana Criminal Justice Institute
http://www.in.gov/cji/index.html
The National Institute on Drug Abuse
www.nida.nih.gov/
Indiana Prevention Resource Center
Contact us
Indiana Prevention Resource Center
2735 East 10th Street, CA110
Bloomington, IN 47408-2602
Phone: 1-800-346-3077 or 812-855-1237
Fax: 812-855-4940
E-mail: [email protected]
http://www.drugs.indiana.edu
Content in this presentation based, in part, on a Factline produced by Bilesha Perera, Ph.D, MS in 2005 and © The Indiana
Prevention Resource Center.
The Indiana Prevention Resource Center is funded, in part, by a contract with the Indiana Family and Social Services Administration,
Division of Mental Health and Addiction, financially supported through HHS/Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration,
Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant. The IPRC is operated by the Indiana
University Department of Applied Health Science and School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation. It is affiliated with the
Department's Institute of Drug Abuse Prevention. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the
Trustees of Indiana University or the Indiana Family and Social Services Administration. Indiana University accepts full responsibility for
the content of this publication. © Copyright, 2005 by the Trustees of Indiana University.
Indiana Prevention Resource Center