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Classification of
Drugs
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Abuse
Inappropriate use
 Unwarranted use
 Over use
 May or may not mean
addiction

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Dependence
Physical dependence occurs when the
drug becomes necessary for their body
to function normally. Cessation of use
results in withdrawal sickness.
 Psychological dependence occurs when
a person thinks they need a drug to
function normally

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Withdrawal
When taken in sufficient doses and frequency, some drugs
are capable of producing withdrawal symptoms;
physiological changes that encourage their continued
use.
When the use of these drugs ceases abruptly, a severe
physical illness follows. Addicts learn regular drug use
prevents this withdrawal sickness; it is then that the
addict is physically addicted.
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
Drugs can be classified according to

The Controlled Substances Act
Their effects

The Controlled Substances Act
statute prescribing federal U.S. drug
policy under which the manufacture,
importation, possession, use and
distribution of certain substances is
regulated.
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The Controlled Substances Act
The government maintains five schedules, or
classifications, for controlled substances
Controlled substances are placed in these
schedules according to:
Potential for abuse
Potential for dependence
Medical value

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Schedule I
High potential for abuse
 No currently accepted medical
use
Heroin
Marijuana
PCP
LSD

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Schedule II
High potential for abuse
 Some medicinal use

Cocaine opium
Some opium derivatives
Dronabinol
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Schedule III
Less potential for abuse than
I & II
 Current accepted medical use
 low/moderate physical
dependence or high
psychological dependence

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Schedule III-Drugs
Barbiturate
preparations
Certain
preparations
of codeine

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Schedule IV
Lower potential for abuse
than schedule III
Valid medical use
Limited dependence
Darvon Phenobarbital
Valium
Librium

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Schedule V
Low abuse potential
 Valid medical use
 Lower potential for producing
dependence than schedule IV
Robitussin
Low dose codeine preps.

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The Controlled Substances Act

The U.S. Attorney General has the authority to
alter these schedules as information becomes
available or as new discoveries are made.
Classifying by effects
Most drugs fit into one or more of
the following categories:
Narcotics
 Hallucinogens
 Depressants
 Stimulants

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Narcotics-induce a state of
lethargy or sluggishness



Narcotics are analgesics –relieve pain
Most come from the poppy plant
Example Narcotics
Morphine
Methadone
Heroin
Codeine
OxyContin
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Marijuana
 LSD
 PCP
 Acid

Hallucinogens-cause marked
alterations in normal thought
process, perceptions, and moods
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Alcohol
 Barbiturates
(downers)
 Inhalants

Depressants – depress (slow
down) action in the Central
Nervous System
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Cocaine
 Crack
 Crystal Meth
 Amphetamines

Stimulants – stimulate (speed
up) action in the Central Nervous
System
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