Download Benzene and Aromatics

Benzene
The aromatics
Benzene
 Benzene and its
derivatives are part of
a special group called
aromatics.
 When it is a
substituent group it is
called a phenol group.
Benzene
 Benzene, is an organic chemical compound with
the molecular formula C6H6. It is sometimes
abbreviated Ph–H. Benzene is a colorless and
highly flammable liquid with a sweet smell and a
relatively high melting point. Because it is a known
carcinogen, its use as an additive in gasoline is
now limited, but it is an important industrial solvent
and precursor in the production of drugs, plastics,
synthetic rubber, and dyes. Benzene is a natural
constituent of crude oil, and may be synthesized
from other compounds present in petroleum.
Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon
Toluene
 also known as
methylbenzene, is a clear
water-insoluble liquid with
the typical smell of paint
thinners. It is an aromatic
hydrocarbon that is widely
used as a solvent. Like
other solvents, toluene is
also used as an inhalant
drug for its intoxicating
properties; however this
causes severe
neurological harm.
Phenol
 is a toxic, white with a
slightly pink tinge,
crystalline solid. Its
chemical formula is
C6H5OH and its
structure is that of a
hydroxyl group (-OH)
bonded to a phenyl
ring, making it an
aromatic compound.
Aniline
 is an organic
compound with the
formula C6H7N. It is
the simplest and one
of the most important
aromatic amines,
being used as a
precursor to more
complex chemicals. Its
main application is in
the manufacture of
polyurethane.
Styrene
 also known as vinyl
benzene as well as many
other names (see table), is
an organic compound with
the chemical formula
C6H5CH=CH2. This
aromatic hydrocarbon is a
colorless oily liquid that
evaporates easily and has
a sweet smell, although
high concentrations confer
a less pleasant odor.
Styrene is the precursor to
polystyrene and several
copolymers.
Naphthalene
 is a crystalline, aromatic,
white, solid hydrocarbon
with formula C10H8 and
the structure of two fused
benzene rings. It is best
known as the traditional,
primary ingredient of
mothballs. It is volatile,
forming an inflammable
vapor, and readily
sublimes at room
temperature, producing a
characteristic odor that is
detectable at
concentrations as low as
0.08 ppm by mass.[1]