Download Therapy for Anaerobic Infections

THERAPY FOR ANAEROBIC
INFECTIONS

Tissue necrosis and abscess
formation are often seen in anaerobic
infections.

Drainage and debridement together
with an antibiotic are often used.
THERAPY FOR ANAEROBIC
INFECTIONS

For infections above the diaphragmpenicillin G is often used.

Infections below the diaphragmclindamycin, metronidazole or
chloramphenicol.

Anaerobic CNS infectionschloramphenicol or metronidazole.
THERAPY FOR ANAEROBIC
INFECTIONS

For some infections combinations of
antibiotics are needed to cover both
anaerobic and aerobic organisms.
THERAPY FOR ANAEROBIC
INFECTIONS

The treatment of anaerobic infections
must be individualized taking into
account the site, type, extent , and
severity of the infection as well as
the patients’ condition.
METRONIDAZOLE

Nitroimidazole derivative.

Introduced in 1959 as an antiparasitic
agent.

Unique agent having activity vs both
bacterial and parasitic infections.
ANTIBACTERIAL
ACTIVITY

Bactericidal against most gram negative and gram-positive
anaerobes including Bacteroides,
Prevotella and Clostridia.
PHARMACOKINETICS

Rapidly and completely absorbed
from the GI tract.

IV for serious bacterial infections.

Widely distributed throughout the
body including the CNS.
PHARMACOKINETICS

Metabolized by the liver.

Renal excretion is the major route of
elimination from the body (mostly as
metabolites).
THERAPEUTIC
INDICATIONS

Drug of choice for trichomoniasis,
amebiasis and giardiasis
THERAPEUTIC
INDICATIONS

For anaerobic infections it is the
drug of choice or an alternative to
clindamycin, certain beta-lactams
and chloramphenicol.

Many of these are mixed aerobic anaerobic infections so it must be
combined with aerobic agents.
THERAPEUTIC
INDICATIONS




Endocarditis caused by B.fragilis.
Meningitis or brain abscess caused
by B.fragilis.
Prophylaxis in surgical operations
where risk is high.
B.fragilis infections resistant to other
drugs.
THERAPEUTIC
INDICATIONS

Intra-abdominal infections.

Anaerobic infections of the bone,
joints or soft tissue.
THERAPEUTIC
INDICATIONS

Antibiotic associated
pseudomembranous colitis
(AAPMC).
CONTRAINDICATIONS AND
PRECAUTIONS

Pregnancy.
DRUG INTERACTIONS

Alcohol.

Warfarin.