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Pharmacology
By: Kunwal Nasrullah and Badrul Islam
Dr. Mark G. Klang
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center; Harlem Children’s Center
What is Pharmacology?
Pharmacology is the study of how
chemical substances interact with
living systems.
This field includes:
Drug composition, interactions,
toxicology, and therapy
Pharmacology (Contd.)
Pharmacologists study four aspects
of drugs:
Absorption-How is the medicine
absorbed?
Distribution- How is the medicine
spread throughout the body?
Metabolism-Is the medicine converted
into other chemicals in the body?
Excretion-How is the medicine
eliminated from the body?
Basic Principles of
Pharmacology
Absorption (Pharmaceutical Phase)Through the skin, intestinal tract,
intravenously, mouth, or inhalation (nasal
mucosa)
Organ systems involved:
Circulatory
Respiratory
Excretory
Digestive
Basic Principles of
Pharmacology (Contd.)
Distribution
Dependent upon
tissue
permeability,
blood flow,
perfusion rate of
the tissue, drug
binding of plasma
proteins and
tissues.
Basic Principles
(Contd.)
Metabolism
 Chemical conversion of medication
inside the body into substances.
 Things that pharmacologists consider:
 The activity of by-products. (Toxicity)
 Almost all drugs are xenobiotics.
Basic Principles
(Contd.)
Excretion
Elimination of
medicine (through
urine, bile, breath,
skin).
Pharmacological
Devices
HPLC (High
Performance
Liquid
Chromatography)
pH meter
UV
Spectrofometer
Refractometer
Future Research
Examination of drugs in health
foods (protein shakes, vitamins,
etc.).
Testing compatibility and stability
of generic drugs aimed at treating
cancer and its side affects with Dr.
Klang.
References
 http://xnet.rrc.mb.ca/davidb/pharmacology.htm
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology
 http://www.thebody.com/tpan/winter05/images/a
bcs_figure1.jpghttp://www.thebody.com/tpan/wi
nter05/images/abcs_figure1.jpg
 http://web.vet.cornell.edu/public/pharmacokineti
cs/excretion/enterohepatic.gif
Acknowledgments
 Dr. Mark G. Klang
 Harlem Children Society and Dr.
Sat Bhattcharya
 Sloan Kettering Cancer Center