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Rural Crime & Justice Center
A University Center of Excellence
Minot, North Dakota
Historical Overview
• 1887
Amphetamine was first synthesized in
Germany.
• 1919
Methamphetamine, a derivative of
amphetamine, was synthesized in Japan.
It was discovered to be more potent
and easier to make than amphetamine.
Narconon Arrowhead
www.methamphetamineaddiction.com
Historical Overview
• Late 1920’s
Amphetamine was used to treat epilepsy,
schizophrenia, alcoholism, opiate addiction,
migraines, head injuries, and irradiation
sickness.
• 1932
Amphetamine was first marketed as
Benzedrine, an over-the-counter inhaler to
treat congestion.
Recreational Drugs Info
www.inforules.com/models/m-net.pdf
Historical Overview
• 1935
Narcolepsy was added to the list of
accepted uses.
• 1937
Amphetamine was found to have a
positive effect on some children with
ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder).
Recreational Drugs Info
www.inforules.com/models/m-net.pdf
Historical Overview
• 1937
Amphetamine became available in a
tablet form by prescription.
• 1939 – 1945 (World War II)
An estimated 200 million tablets were
distributed to American troops.
Longest recorded period of
wakefulness was 54 days!
Drug Identification Bible
2004-2005 www.drugidbible.com
Historical Overview
• 1951
Amphetamine became regulated and
was available only by a prescription,
however, the accepted uses increased.
• 1967
A record 31 million prescriptions were
written for amphetamine.
Drug Identification Bible
2004-2005 www.drugidbible.com
Historical Overview
• 1970
The Controlled Substances Act of 1970
placed all drugs into one of five schedules.
Restricted the manufacture, distribution and use of
amphetamines.
Limited the medically-accepted uses to narcolepsy,
attention deficit disorders, and short-term obesity.
Can only be received by a written prescription that
can not be refilled.
Drug Identification Bible
2004-2005 www.drugidbible.com
Historical Overview
• 1970’s to 1990’s
Amphetamine abuse began to decline;
however, methamphetamine abuse
dramatically increased.
• 1996
Comprehensive Methamphetamine
Control Act increased regulation on
chemicals used in illegal production.
Drug Identification Bible
2004-2005 www.drugidbible.com
Historical Overview
• 2002 to 2003
The incidence of positive drug tests
attributed to methamphetamine
increased by more than 68%.
• 2005
Approximately 12 million Americans
have tried methamphetamine at least
once, with 1.4 million reporting use in
the past year.
Drug Trusting Index
Quest Diagnostics Inc.
Any Questions?