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What is Matter? Matter Objects that you can see and touch, all around you. All living things, you The air Anything that has mass and takes up space You are matter, your hair, nails, legs and eyes. (all of you) The shoes you are wearing are matter On your desk list 3 pieces of matter…. Matter = MASS Anything that has mass and takes up space, “STUFF” This is important in Chemistry because Chemistry is the study of matter and the types of changes that matter undergoes, including energy changes. Mass- the measure of the amount of matter. Balance scale can determine mass. kg is the standard unit of measurement. (metric) Mass vs. Weight They are closely related but not the same. Mass describes the amount of matter an object has. Weight describes how strongly gravity is pulling on that matter. Force of gravity on an object. On your desk draw a picture of what you think weight would look like…. Volume Refers to the amount of space an object or a substance takes up. A bowling ball vs. a basket ball Same size but different weight. The have approximately the same volume because they take up the same amount of space. Not the same weight. Volume has a Formula Volume= length X width X height V = (l)(w)(h) Lets try some sample problems…. You can also measure volume by displacement, we will learn that later. Matter is Divided Into 3 Categories Solid Liquid Gas- has mass and take up space With a shoulder partner think of some things that aren’t matter? Matter Part 2 SUBATOMIC PARTICLES Atoms (Particles) Atoms: Tiny particles that make up all matter. Basic building blocks of matter Atoms are too small to see- even through a powerful microscope Atoms are made up of Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons Nucleus is what the center is called Protons Protons Have a positive charge (+) They are in the nucleus- center of the atom They have a mass of 1 amu amu- atomic mass unit Neutrons Neutrons Have no charge Are located in the nucleus- center of the atom They have a mass of 1 amu amu- atomic mass unit Electrons Electrons Have a negative charge (-) Are located outside the nucleus in what is called an electron cloud. Have a mass of 0 amu amu- atomic mass unit Let’s listen to a song… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5iaw5WNuB0 Take notes on Subatomic Particles…. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DstFt9JgLgg More notes….then we should have it… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8woHGwWeSkY Elements 90 naturally occurring atoms, elements. Scientist have been able to make up about 25 more. There are more than 100 basic kinds of matter, called elements. Common ones are iron, gold, and oxygen. Each element has it’s own unique kind of atom. Atoms from any element are all alike but different from the atoms of any other element. Molecule Particles When two of more atoms stick together to form a larger particle. A water molecule is made from 2 atoms of hydrogen 1 atom of oxygen Why is this important? Understanding atoms and molecules makes it possible to explain and predict It explains why different materials have different characteristics It will predict how a material will change when heated or cooled It help us figure out how to combine atoms and molecules to make new and useful materials, plastic.
