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IPC Notes Electric Current & Electricity Calculations Electric Current electric current – the flow of electrons through a conductor resistance – the tendency of an object to resist the flow of electrons Closed vs. Open Circuits closed circuit – allows the flow of electricity; the circuit is complete Closed vs. Open Circuits open circuit – prevents the flow of electricity; the circuit is incomplete Batteries battery – uses voltage differences to create a flow of current 2 Types of Batteries dry cell battery – uses a chemical paste surrounding a carbon rod ex) AA battery 2 Types of Batteries wet cell battery – uses 2 types of metallic plates suspended in a conducting solution ex) car battery Electricity Calculations V=IxR V = voltage (volts) I = current (amps) R = resistance (Ohms) Electricity Calculations P=IxV P = power (watts) I = current (amps) V = voltage (volts) Electricity Calculations E=Pxt E = energy (kilowatt hours) P = power (kilowatts) t = time (hours) Practice Problem #1 How much power is used by a light bulb if it uses a current of 1.2 amps and a voltage of 120 volts? Practice Problem #2 What is the resistance of an appliance that uses 0.89 amps when the voltage is 120 volts? Practice Problem #3 How much current is flowing through a wire with a 4.5 ohm resistor and a 6 volt battery? Practice Problem #4 How much power is used if 350,000 kilowatt hours of energy are used in 58 hours? Practice Problem #5 What is the voltage of a battery if 4.5 watts are used with 0.5 amps of current? Practice Problem #6 How long does it take a 2 kilowatt appliance to use 36.5 kwh of energy?