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Instructors: Frank Kreith Mike Hannigan Friday, Wednesday, 9 – 10 am DLC 205 ECME 251a [email protected] [email protected] Teaching Assistant: Jeanie Mar Wednesday, 4 – 5 pm (ECME 215a) ECME 217 (a.k.a., the cave) [email protected] Sustainable ≡ Definitions Meets the needs of the current users without compromising the ability of future users to meet their needs. Energy ≡ Ability to do work Sustainable Energy ≡ Meets the work needs of the current population without compromising the ability of generations to meet their work General Structure Each week we will cover a new topic Week 3, Conservation Week 4, Electric Power Tuesday Thursday Tuesday Thursday Overview lecture Homework assigned Reading quiz due Reading discussed Example problem Homework discussed Overview lecture Homework assigned Reading quiz due Reading discussed Example problem Homework discussed Homework discussed (week2) Reading assigned Homework discussed Reading assigned (week 5) Schedule 1. Introduction Ken Hammond 2. Economics Frank Kreith 3. Conservation Moncef Krarti 4. Electric power Mike Hannigan 5. Co-gen Frank Kreith 6. Nuclear Joel Selbin 7. Agriculture Mike Hannigan 8. Transportation Ron West 9. Biofuels/bioenergy Jim McMillan 10. Wind power Sandy Butterfield 11. Solar, thermal domestic Frank Kreith 12. Solar, thermal power Randy Gee 13. Solar, photovoltaic Roland Winston 14. Waste management Frank Kreith 15. Hydrogen economy Frank Kreith Grading MCEN 4228 Homework 65 % Reading quiz 20 % Carbon game 10 % Professionalism 5 % MCEN 5228 Homework Reading quiz Carbon game Professionalism Mini-projects 50 % 20 % 10 % 5% 15 % 1st Law of Thermodynamics: You can’t win. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics: You can’t break even. Energy “Sources” Solar • solar thermal • photovoltaic (PV) • wind • water • biomass Nuclear Fossil Solar • coal • oil • natural gas (NG) Energy Carriers Electrical H2 NG LNG Coal How do we extract work from these carriers? Fuels • oil • diesel • gasoline • EtOH Ken Hammond Professor of Pyschology Shouldn’t facts dictate society’s behavior? Is our current Energy System sustainable? Today Supply of Energy Sources Demand for Power Video homework Thursday in class Population Growth Actual Behavior Economics Next week Environmental Impacts Reading homework Quadrillion = 1 x 1015 Barrel of oil = 42 gal = 5.8 x 106 BTU 4 x 107 barrels of volume Yearly US energy consumption is the equivalent of ~2,500 Folsom Stadiums full of oil. Energy Intensity Carbon Trading Game CH4 + 2O2 —› 2H2O + CO2 Goal: Make the most money Players: Each of you is country How do you make (or lose) money? Buy or Sell …. Oil, Coal, Natural Gas, Uranium, Electricity, Certified Energy Reductions (CERs) Rules 1. You must supply your citizens with enough energy to meet their demands. If you don’t you will be fined (or overthrown). 2. You cannot sell a thing if you do not have it. In other words, if you don’t have coal reserves in your country, you can’t sell coal. 3. You must meet the carbon dioxide emissions reductions prescribed for your country. If you don’t you will be fined. 4. All transactions must be reasonable or the UN will not give their stamp of approval. Generation of a CER 1. GNP – generation of carbon neutral power production 2. SNK – creation of new carbon sink. 3. EFF – improvement of efficiency of existing carbon-based power generation system 4. SEQ – tail-pipe controls If you cannot meet your citizens’ power needs and the prescribed CO2 emissions reductions, then you will need to buy CERs from other countries. You might find it cheaper to buy a CER than to reduce your CO2 emissions. Timeline Year 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 1 5 8 11 13 15 Week Republic of Angola Government: multi-party presidential regime Current Leader: Jose Eduardo Dos Santos (1975) (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola) Administrative divisions: 18 provinces Independence: From Portugal in 1975 Legal system: Based on Portuguese civil law Land Use: Arable, 2.65% Permanent crops, 0.23% Population Projections (in thousands) 10,000,000 9,000,000 8,000,000 7,000,000 World 6,000,000 Africa Asia 5,000,000 Europe Latin America 4,000,000 Angola (x10) 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 0 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 Energy Intensity decreases are correlated with GDP per capita growth