Download Types of Rocks

Types of Rocks
Let’s explore more about
each type of rock….
Day 2:
Sedimentary Rocks
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•
•
•
What are sedimentary rocks made of?
What is sediment?
Where does sediment come from?
What do you need to make sedimentary
rocks?
• How are sedimentary rocks made?
• What is special about sedimentary rocks?
Sedimentary Rocks
• What are sedimentary rocks made
of?
–Sedimentary rocks are rocks made of:
• ____________________
Sediment
• What is sediment?
–Sediment can be:
• Dirt
• Pebbles (small rocks)
• Rocks
• Sand
• Silt
• Where does sediment come from?
– Sediment can come from:
• Weathering/Erosion – when water, ice, wind, or
gravity wear down rock
• Sediment settles on the bottom of lakes, rivers,
and oceans
Sedimentary Rock
Ingredients:
• To make a sedimentary rock you
need:
–Sediment
–Pressure (above and below)
Formation of Sedimentary Rocks
• Sedimentary rocks are made by these steps:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Sediment settles in layers
Layers form on top of layers
Pressure is created by the layers on top
Sticky clay and silt “glue” particles together
The sediment and clay harden
A sedimentary rock is formed!!
Examples of Sedimentary Rocks
Why are sedimentary rocks ‘special’?
• Sedimentary rocks are special because:
–They are the only type of rock that can
contain fossils
Day 3:
Igneous Rocks
•
•
•
•
•
What are igneous rocks made of?
What is magma?
Where does magma come from?
What do you need to make igneous rocks?
What are the two ways igneous rocks can be
formed?
Igneous Rocks
• What are igneous rocks made of?
–Igneous rocks are made of magma
Magma
• What is magma?
–Magma is:
• Melted rock inside the earth
Magma
• Where does magma come from?
– Magma comes from under the surface of the
earth
– The heat from the core melts the rocks
Igneous Rock Ingredients:
• To make an igneous rock you need:
– Heat
to melt rocks, make magma
Formation of Igneous Rocks
• Igneous rocks can be formed 2 ways:
1. Magma comes to earth’s surface when a volcano
erupts. The lava cools quickly forming igneous
rocks with no crystals.
2. Magma rises to earth’s surface coming up into
the earths crust slowly. Because it is cooled slowly,
igneous rocks with crystals form.
Formation of Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks from Volcanoes
Obsidian
Pumice
Igneous rocks from Inside Earth
Pegmatite
Gabbro
Diorite
Examples of Igneous Rocks
Day 4:
Metamorphic Rocks
• What does “morph” mean?
• What are metamorphic rocks made of?
• What do you need to make metamorphic
rocks?
• How are metamorphic rocks formed?
“Morph”
• What does “morph” mean?
– “Morph” means to change into something
new/else
• For example:
– A caterpillar morphs into a butterfly
Metamorphic Rock Ingredients:
• To make a metamorphic rock you
need:
–Sedimentary and/or igneous rocks
–Extreme heat from inside earth
–Pressure
–TIME!!
Formation of Metamorphic Rocks
• Metamorphic rocks are formed by:
1. Taking sedimentary or igneous under
earth’s surface
2. Add extreme temperature (from below
crust)
3. Add pressure from above and below
4. This same process over a period of time
can create new rocks
What can heat and pressure do to
rocks?
• Because of the extreme heat and pressure:
– Crystals can change shape and size
– Chemicals can combine and create new
minerals
– Rocks can have striped or swirls because of
minerals melting and pressure
– An entirely new rock can be formed that looks
nothing like the original sedimentary or
igneous rock
Examples of Metamorphic Rocks
• Striped and Swirls created by heat and pressure
Examples of Metamorphic Rocks
Examples of Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks Homework
Use your notes to answer the following
questions. Answers in complete sentences.
What does “morph” mean?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What are metamorphic rocks made of?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Metamorphic Rock Homework 2
What do you need to make metamorphic rocks?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What are two ways that heat and pressure change rocks to make them
metamorphic?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Igneous Rocks Homework
Use your notes to answer the following
questions. Answers in complete sentences.
What are igneous rocks made of?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What is magma?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Igneous Rock homework 2
Where does magma come from?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What do you need to make igneous rocks?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What are the two ways igneous rocks can be formed?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Sedimentary Rocks Homework
Use your notes to answer the following questions.
Answers in complete sentences.
What are sedimentary rocks made of?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What is sediment?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Where does sediment come from?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Sedimentary Rocks Homework
What do you need to make sedimentary rocks?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
How are sedimentary rocks made?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What is special about sedimentary rocks?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________