Download Battery, construction, purpose and ratings.

Produced By Mike Hartlen
Automotive Battery
THIS PRESENTATION
ABOUT AUTOMOBILE
SYSTEMS HAS BEEN
DEVELOPED BY
Mike Hartlen
TEACHER OF
AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY
AT EASTERN SHORE DISTRICT
HIGH SCHOOL
Produced By Mike Hartlen
What is the automotive Battery?
• The automotive battery is an electrochemical
devise that produces voltage and delivers
electrical current.
Produced By Mike Hartlen
The purpose of the battery
• Energy from the battery is used to power
accessories, lighting and other electrical systems
when the engine is not running.
• To supply the ignition, fuel and starting systems
with the necessary power to start the vehicle.
• When the engine is running, power from the
battery may be needed to supplement the
charging system depending on the vehicles
electrical demands.
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Wet cell – Dry cell Batteries
• Wet cell batteries contain a liquid electrolyte
solution which consists of sulphuric acid and
water.
• Wet cells will produce 2.1 Volts each and 6
cells connected in series (+ - ) allows them to
produce the 12.6 - (12) Volts used by the
automobile.
• Dry cell batteries will only produce 1.5 Volts per
cell and can be connected in series (to produce
more voltage) or parallel (to produce more
reserve.
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Battery Cells
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Cell Plates
• The amount and size of plates in a battery cell,
determine the capacity of the battery.
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Wet Cell Battery Construction
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Spiral Cell Batteries
• A modification of the lead-acid battery. A
gelling agent is added to the electrolyte to
reduce movement and gassing.
• The spiral design
provides more plate
surface area
allowing for more power
from a smaller size.
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Deep Cycle Batteries
• Deep cycling simply means completely
discharging then recharging fully.
• Automobile batteries are not meant to be deep
cycled. This will destroy the battery very
quickly.
• Deep cycle batteries are constructed with
thicker, heavier plates to prevent warping for the
heat generated when a battery is deep cycled.
Produced By Mike Hartlen
What Happens
• The electrolyte of the battery constantly changes
to a (more acidic solution) or (less acidic
solution) as the battery charges or discharges.
• More watery as the battery discharges means it
could freeze in cold weather conditions.
• This will cause the liquid in the battery to
expand and destroy the battery. (swelling causes
plates to short and insulators to wear through)
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Special Handling
• The electrolyte in the battery is very corrosive
and under the proper conditions also very
explosive.
• Protect your face, body and clothing when
working around a battery.
• Always disconnect the battery when removing
or repairing electrical components. (disconnect
negative cable first and connect it last)
• No spark around the battery and be careful not
to drop them.
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Post Identification
• The positive post of the battery is larger than the
negative post, can be identified by the + sign or
have the letters POS next to it.
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Capacity Ratings
• Battery ratings tell the consumer the quality and
ability of a particular battery.
• It is important to know how powerful the battery
is when you are purchasing one.
• Dollar value and battery capacity should run
hand in hand.
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Cold Cranking Amps (CCA)
• This rating indicates the ability of a battery to
deliver a specified current at low temperature.
• The rating is determined by the amount of
current a fully charged battery can supply for 30
seconds at 0°F or -17.8°C without having the
battery voltage fall below 7.2 Volts
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Cranking Amps (CA)
• Same rating as CCA except at a higher
temperature. 0°C or 32°F
• Be careful not to confuse this rating with the
CCA rating. A battery will have a much higher
CA than CCA rating because a batteries
efficiency depletes rapidly with colder
temperatures.
• This rating was intentionally meant to confuse
(mislead) the public.
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Reserve Capacity
• Rates in minutes the amount of time the vehicle
can be driven after the charging system fails.
• A constant discharge of 25 amps is assumed.
• This rating is the amount of time the battery can
withstand the 25 amp draw at 80°F – 26.7°C
before battery voltage drops below 10.5 volts.
Produced By Mike Hartlen
Ampere Hour
• This rating is the amount of current the battery
can deliver for 20 hours without having the
voltage drop below 10.5 volts at 80°F – 26.7°C
• If a battery can deliver 4 amps under these
conditions it is considered to be an 80 AH
battery – 4 amps X 20 hours = 80AH.
• BE SURE TO COMPARE APPLES TO
APPLES WHEN PRICING NEW BATTERIES!