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Fundamentals of Power Supplies James Mackey Rectifier AC Input Filter AC Rectified (Pulsating DC) Regulator Smoothed DC Smoothed & Regulated DC James Mackey James Mackey Basic Diode Circuits James Mackey Capacitive Filtering James Mackey Finite Charge/Discharge times of RC circuit smooths out pulsating DC from the Rectifying circuit James Mackey Types of Rectifiers •The effect of a single diode rectifying circuit - called a half-wave rectifier - produces the 60 Hz pulsating DC signal that must be smoothed by the filter circuit. •The action of this circuit removes 1/2 of the AC component from the Power Supply input and increases the difficulty of smoothing. •The full-wave rectifier saves both halves of the AC input and makes the signal easier to smooth by the filter circuit James Mackey Diode A Full-Wave Rectifier Diode B AC Input James Mackey Output waveform from Diode A - half wave rectified + cycle Output waveform from Diode B - half wave rectified - cycle Combined waveform from both + & - cycles James Mackey Full-Wave Rectifiers The full-wave rectifier circuit requires a center tapped transformer in order to function. Transformers are usually the most expensive part of a power supply; with center tapped transformers more expensive than single transformers. For these reasons, an alternate full-wave circuit is usually used, called a full-wave bridge rectifier. James Mackey Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier + + James Mackey Full-Wave Rectifier and Filter Circuit James Mackey Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier and Filter Circuit James Mackey The operation of all of these circuits is based on the rectifying property of semiconductor diodes. We saw these effects in the Workbench exercise done earlier. A plot of diode voltage versus diode current is shown on the next slide. James Mackey Scale is mA Scale is A James Mackey James Mackey