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Web Based Automatic Arc
Classification for Single Phase Faults
G.Fleischer SIEMENS AG
© Siemens AG 2008
Energy Sector
Web Based Automatic Arc Classification for
Single Phase Faults
Introduction
Fast Clearance of short circuit faults in Extra High
Voltage (EHV) Transmission Lines
->important to maintain system stability and keep
the line from tripping.
Typically:- single-pole tripping or auto-reclosing is used
Thus keeping the 2 healthy phases of the line in
operation.
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© Siemens AG 2008
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Web Based Automatic Arc Classification
for Single Phase Faults
Introduction
The problem is the dead time of the auto-recloser.
The so called secondary arc must stop burning before the breaker
is reclosed.
This time however should be as short as possible to reduce the
possibility of a power system disturbance.
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© Siemens AG 2008
Energy Sector
Web Based Automatic Arc Classification
for Single Phase Faults
Introduction
This time is fixed and it can happen that the secondary
arc is not extinguished within this period.
-> The result is that three-pole tripping of the line.
Now it is the operator to decide whether to manually
reclose after a couple of minutes the line
and
perhaps risk a restrike or not
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Web Based Automatic Arc Classification for
Single Phase Faults
With this experience of Vattenfall Europe transmission
(VE-T) is implementing an automatic arc fault
classification scheme.
Successful or unsuccessful auto-reclosure depending
on the analysis of the current
i.e. the differentiating between “secondary arc faults”
and other faults.
The operator can be advised whether reclose
the line or not!
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Single-pole Tripping and Auto-reclosing
In VE-T's transmission system, lightning-induced singlephase to ground faults with self-extinguishing behavior
are very common.
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Secondary Arc
After the opening of the circuit breakers, the primary fault
arc extinguishes, but a low-current "secondary arc" may
continue to burn, due to capacitive coupling of the faulted
conductor with neighboring energized conductors and, to
a lesser extent, to inductive coupling which may be caused
by earth return currents
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Secondary Arc “signature” and detection by
Algorithm
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System Architecture
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Fault Analysis Report – Advice for the Autoreclosing (or NOT)
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Overview of an Auto-reclosing Event
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Additional Functionality
•All Fault records are
gathered
•Automatic Clustering
•Automatic Fault Location
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Lessons Learned
The completion date is September 2009. The last substations will be
connected to the SIMEAS SAFIR system.
This would mean that ca.1600 numerical relays will be integrated into the
web based fault analysis system. The relays are from different suppliers
such as ABB, Siemens, Areva and Mauel.
The project was executed in 2 phases
The typical substations where first integrated and in the second and final
phase the rest of the designated substations were connected.
In the test phase, the use of the Secondary Arc Detection algorithm was
made live.
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Web Based Automatic Arc Classification for
Single Phase Faults
Conclusion
The decisions made by the SIMEAS SAFIR
system for a manual AR have been to date all
been correct. No more unsuccessful AR has
happened since the operators have been given
a recommedation from the system
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Next Steps
Data gathered now can be used to ‘fine tune’ the dead time
in order to increase maximum reclose success while keeping
highest system stability
In a future step, could be that the “secondary arc detector”
can be incorporated into the protective relay autoreclose
function.
Thus the relay itself can recognize such event and adjust the
dead time accordingly.
The same concept of identifying faults “signatures” could be
used in different type of faults and specific actions can then
be taken for different type of faults.
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Authors of the paper
Jens Hauschild
Vattenfall Europe Transmission GmbH
[email protected]
Luc Philippot
NetCeler
[email protected]
Guenther Fleischer
Siemens AG.
[email protected]
Energy Automation
© Siemens AG 2008
Energy Sector