Download Seed Plant Notes

Seed Plant Notes
The seed plants are called Spermatophytes
I. Gymnosperms
A. Characteristics
• vascular
• live on land
• POLLEN! Gymnosperms were the first
plants to make pollen. They do not
need water to reproduce because pollen
is transported by wind, bees, & birds.
B. Gymnosperms
gymno=naked sperm =seed
• do not make a fruit to cover their seeds.
C. Examples of Gymnosperms
• Cycads look like palm trees.
• Ginko Trees are native to Japan.
People often plant Ginkos in the US.
• Eastern Red Cedar are very common in
Arkansas.
• Pine Trees are a type of conifer.
Conifer = gymnosperm that produces a
cone.
*** If it has cones and needles, it is a
gymnosperm!
• Conifer = cone
bearing
plant.
• The small male cone
makes pollen
• The large female
cone makes the seed
II. Angiosperms
angio = container sperm = seed
• make fruit
• make true flowers
• If it has broad leaves, flowers, & fruit, it
is an angiosperm.
III. Two Types of Angiosperms
MONOCOT
1. One seed leaf
• you can’t split the
seed in two very
easily.
• Example: corn
2. Narrow leaves and
parallel veins
DICOT
1. Two seed leaves
• splits easily in two.
• Example: bean
2. Broad leaves and
branched veins.
IV. Growth and Response
1. Tropism
= a plant’s growth response to a stimulus.
• Phototrophism
= growth toward light.
• Gravitropism
= growth toward gravity
• Thigmotropism
= response to touch
2. Auxin
= a plant hormone.
= a chemical that controls growth,
development, and other activities.
3. Annual
= plant that has a one-year life cycle.
4. Biennial
= plant with a two-year life cycle
5. Perennial
= plant with a life cycle that lasts many
years.
6. Deciduous
= plants that are perennial but shed their
leaves each fall.
7. Marcescent = bonus!!!