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Temperate Deciduous Forest Botanist By: Ian Wilson Location Temperate deciduous forests are located in the mid-latitude areas which means that they are found between the polar regions and the tropics. Eastern United States, Canada, Europe, China, and Japan are all locations where the deciduous forests exists. Biome Map Abiotic Factors The deciduous forest regions are exposed to warm and cold air masses, which cause this area to have four seasons. This is caused by the position of the sun and rotation of the Earth. The temperature varies widely from season to season with cold winters and hot, wet summers. The average yearly temperature is about 10°C. The areas in which deciduous forests are located get about 750 to 1,500 mm of precipitation spread fairly evenly throughout the year. Biotic Factors Many different kinds of trees, shrubs, and herbs grow in the deciduous forests. Most of the trees are broadleaf trees. There are also several different kinds of plants that live on the shady forest floor where only small amounts of sunlight get through. Plant Species There are many different plant species in the temperate deciduous forest. They appear in one of the five zones: Tree Stratum zone – contains trees such as oak, beech, sweet gum, chestnut, hickory, basswood, and walnut. Small Tree and Sapling zone – young and short trees are in this zone. Shrub zone – includes rhododendrons, azaleas, mountain laurel, and huckleberries. Herb zone – contains short herbal plants. Ground zone – this final zone contains club mosses, true mosses, and lichen. Adaptations During the fall, trees change color and then lose their leaves. This is in preparation for the winter season. Because it gets so cold, the trees have adapted to the winter by going into a period of dormancy or sleep. They also have thick bark to protect them from the cold weather. Trees flower and grow during the spring and summer growing season. Links http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Experiments /Biome/Images/pictemperate.jpg http://www.marietta.edu/~biol/biomes/biome _main.htm http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/deciduous_ forest.htm http://www.inchinapinch.com/hab_pgs/terres/ d_forest/td_forest.htm