Download chapter 11 - Chicano 7

AMERICAN DRUGS
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COCA
TOBACCO
CHOCOLATE
PEYOTE
PSILOCIN/PSILOCYBIN
EBENE/EPENA
WINES & BEERS
THE INDIANS MAINLY USED THOSE
DRUGS FOR MEDICAL AND RELIGIOUS
PURPOSES, BUT THEY ARE KNOW USED
AS STIMULANTS FOR HIGHER HIGHS
PEOPLE IN COUNTRIES SUCH AS LATIN
AMERICAS USE THIS DRUGS TO COPE
TO THE PAINFUL AND UNATURAL
WORK CONDITIONS
COCA
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A MEDICINE USED BY INDIANS TO ALLIVIATE
THE DISCOMFORT OF REDUCE AIR PRESSURE
ON THEIR BODY AND THINNED OXIGEN IN
THE LUNGS.
COCA LEAF SUPPLIES NUTRIENTS
PREVENTES SORCHE (ALTITUDE SICKNESS)
GROWN IN THE LOWLANDS OF THE ANDES
AND TRADED TO THE HIGHLAND NATIVES
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IT STRENGTHENS BONES AND TEETH
BECAUSE OF ITS CALCIUM
IT DOESN’T PRODUCE ECSTATIC
CONDITIONS
IT PLAYS A QUITE AND CALM ROLE IN
QUECHUA SOCIETIES
CHAPARE
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IS THE INFAMOUS DRUG REGION FOR
THE SO-CALLED “COKE KITCHENS”
PISACOCAS USE THEIR HANDS AND
FEET TO MIX COCA LEAVES WITH
KEROSENE, SULFURIC ACID, &
ACETONA
YOUNG KIDS, WOMEN, AND INDIANS
LEFT THEIR VILLAGES TO WORK THERE
COCA BOOM
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THE FIRST COCA BOOM, WAS FUELED BY THE
EUROPEANS NEED OF A LABOR FORCE TO
EXTRACT SILVER FROM THE MINES
THE MINES OF POTOSI, BOLIVIA WERE SO
HIGH, WORKERS NEEDED IT IN ORDER TO
ENDURE AT SUCH ALTITUTES
CONQUISTADORES FOUND THAT MINERS
COULD WORK HARDER & LONGER BY
CHEWING COCA LEAVES
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PRICES OF COCA HAD RISEN IN THE
LAST CENTURY
1.
2.
3.
COCA LEAVES GO DIRECTLY INTO THE
MAKING OF COCAINE
GREATER DEMAND BY EUROPEANS &
AMERICAS TO USE AS MEDICINE
WORKERS USE IT TO FULFILL THEIR JOB
DUTIES
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IN 1906 & 1914 THE UNITED STATES
ENACTED TWO ACTS THAT BANED
COCAINE
THE USE OF COCAINE GREW SLOWLY
BUT STEADY UNTIL THE 1970s & 1980s,
WHEN IT EXPLODED IN THE U.S. AND
EUROPE AMONG THE RICH AND POOR.
LATER IT SPREAD TO OTHER MAJOR
CITIES IN LATIN AMERICA
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THE INDIANS OF THE SOUTH WERE NOT
INTERESTED IN USING COCAINE
ITSELF. IT WAS ONLY UNTIL THE
EUROPEANS CAME TO ENFORCE THEIR
CULTURE UPON THE INDIANS, THAT
THEY BEGAN TO USE IT AS A
PSYCHOLOGICAL RELIEF.
THE 1980s
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THE COCA PASTE/COCAINE EMERGED AS A
PRIMARY EXPORTS OF BOLIVIA
40% OF THE GNP OF BOLIVIA CAME FROM
COCAINE
COCAINE SURPASSED TIN, ZINC, AND SILVER
MINE WORKERS LEFT THEIR JOBS TO WORK
AS PISACOCAS BECAUSE THE PAY WAS
BETTER
WHEN FOOD WAS SCARCE FOR THE INDIAS
THEY CAME TO WORK TO CHAPARE
TOBACCO
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DRUG GROWN IN THE SOUTHERN COLONIES
(MARYLAND & VIRGINIA)
TOBACCO WAS THE FIRST ON THE NEW
WORLD DRUGS TO BE ACCEPTED IN THE OLD
WORLD
THE UNITED STATES BECAME THE DRUG
SUPPLIER TO THE WORLD
IRONICALLY, THE UNITED STATES FIGHTS
COCAINE SMUGGLERS TODAY, WHEN IN THE
17TH CENTURY IT WAS SMUGGLING TOBACCO
TO WORLD COUNTRIES THAT PROHIBITED IT
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TOBACCO WAS OUTLAWED BY THE
OTTOMAN EMPIRE, MOGUL EMPIRE,
SWEDEN, DENMARK, RUSSIA, NAPLES,
SICILY, CHINA, & THE PAPAL STATE
DESPITE ANTI-TOBACCO CAMPAIGNS
AROUND THE WORLD, MARYLAND &
VIRGINIA EXPORTED THOUSANDS OF KEGS A
YEAR
BRITAIN LOST CONTROL OF AMERICAN
TOBACCO AFTER COLONISTS DECLARED
THEIR INDEPENDENCE
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BRITAIN SUBSTITUTED TOBACCO WITH
THE OPIUM GROWN IN THEIR NEWLY
GAINED COLONIES IN INDIA AND
BURMA
BRITISH PROFITED GREATLY FROM THE
CHINESE, WHO BACAME ADDICTED TO
IT
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OPIUM WAR 1839-1842
THE BRITISH GAINED ALL TRADING RIGHTS
WITH CHINA
“TOBACCO” A VERSATILE
DRUG
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INDIANS OF NORTH AMERICA SMOKED
DRIED TOBACCO IN PIPES
INDIANS OF MEXICO AND SOUTHERN
U.S. ROLLED IT INTO CORN-HUSK
CIGARETTES TO SMOKE.
INDIANS OF THE NORTH PACIFIC
CHEWED TOBACCO WITH LIME
INDIANS SUCH THE AZTECS -ATE THE
LEAVES STRAIGHT
CREEK INDIANS MIXED IT WITH LEAVES OF
ILEX CASSINE AND OTHER
INGRIDIENTS
 18TH CENTURY GENTLEMENT SNORTED IT
(THE USE OF TOBACCO SPREAD AROUND THE
WORLD MORE THOROUGHLY THAN ANY
OTHER DRUG. EVERY CULTURE IN THE
WORLD TODAY HAS BEEN INTROUCED TO
SOME TYPE OF TOBACCO USE)
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CHOCOLATE
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THE SPANIARD FOUND A HARMLESS
DRUG IN AMERICA “CHOCOLATE”
CACAO BEAN
STIMULANT
SERVED AS PRIMARY FORM OF
CURRENCEY FOR THE AZTECS
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AZTECS AND MAYAS CULTIVATED IT
EXTENSIVELY
EUROPEANS ENCOUNTERED CHOCALATE
WHEN HERNANDO CORTES CONQUERED THE
MAYAS & AZTECS
THE SPANISH ADAPTED IT
A. LESSENED THE PAIN OF HUNGER
B. GAVE SHOT OF ENERGY
C. MORE STRENGHT
(CONQUISTADORS USED IT AS AN INDISPENSABLE AID
DURING THEIR MILITARY CAMPAIGNS)
PEYOTE
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MESCAL CACTUS
FOUND IN MEXICO CITY & PARTS OF
TEXAS
PRODUCES NINE ALKALOIDS, WHICH
CREATED HALLUCINATIONS WHEN
INGESTED BY INDIANS
IT MAY BE EATEN RAW OR BREWED
INTO TEA
IT IS NOT AN ADICTIVE DRUG
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IT REMAINS ONE OF THE MOST USED OF
NATIVE AMERICAN DRUGS IN NORTH
AMERICA
WHEN THE SPANISH ARRIVED IN MEXICO
THEY FORBADE THE USE OF IT, ITS USAGE
DECREASE
WHEN THE INDIANS FROM MEXICO ACHIEVE
THEIR INDEPENDENCE FROM SPAIN THE USE
OF PEYOTE INCREASE AND SPREAD TO
SOUTHERN PARTS OF THE U.S.
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BY THE 1980S INDIANS ADOPTED IN
THE GREAT LAKES & CANADIAN
BORDER
IT BECAME A FOCAL SACRAMENT OF A
NEW CHURCH “NATIVE AMERICAN
CHURCH” WHICH PROHIBIT ITS ABUSE
PEYOTE WAS NOT POPULAR AMONG
AMERICAN BLACKS
PSICOLIN/PSILOCYBIN
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DERIVERED FROM MUSHROOMS THAT
GROW IN ANIMAL DROPPINGS
DOESN’T REQUIRE PROCESSING TO
ACTIVATE THE HALLUCINOGENIC
INGREDIENTS
THE MUSHROOM COULD BE EATEN,
DRANK IN TEA, SMOKED, OR SNIFFED
TO CREATE A PSYCHOLOGICAL
REACTION
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THE MAYAS USED THE MUSHROOMS IN
THEIR CEREMONIES
THE AZTECS USED IT IN THE CORONATION
CEREMONI FOR MOCTEZUMA IN 1502- “FOOD
OF THE GODS”
THE SPANIARDS TRY TO SUPPRESS IT UPON
THEIR ARRIVAL BUT THE INDIANS
CONTINUED TO USE IT
IF PREPARED IN A SPEACIAL WAY AND TAKEN
IN THE RIGHT DOSAGE IT PRODUCED A DIFF.
TYPE OF EMOTIONAL/COGNITIVE REACTION
EBENE/EPENA
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MOST COMMON DRUG BESIDES COCA
MADE FROM ASSORTED JUNGLE
PLANTS
COMMONLY USED BY YANOMAMO
INDIANS OF VENEZUELA
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USED WITH A BAMBOO TUBE (ONE INDIAN PUTS THE
TUBE TO HIS NOSTRILS, WHILE ANOTHER ONE
BLOWS HARD ON THE OTHER END. RECEIPIENTS
BEGIN TO HALLUCINATE AND VOMIT
IN THE CANADIAN PLAINS THE
INDIANS DEVELOPED A SIMILAR DRUG
FROM THE ROOT OF THE MARSH PLANT
CALLED CAKANUS “JIMSONWEED”
TO EUROPEANS THE PLANTS/DRUGS
FROM THE AMERICAS WERE NOT SO
STRONG BECAUSE THEY LACKED
SOME NARCOTIC PROPERTIES
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WINE & BEER
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MAIZE AND POTATO WERE DISTELLED
INTO ALCOHOLIC DRINKS BY
EUROPEANS, WHICH SERVED FOR
MOOD AND SENSATIONAL ALTERING
THE INDIANS KNEW HOW TO FERMENT
PLANTS TO MAKE WINES & BEERS
THAT CONTAINED A LITTLE BIT OF
ALCOHOL
EUROPEANS FOUND THAT THE FERTILE
LAND OF AMERICA WAS GOOD FOR
GROWING A GREAT NUMBER OF OLD
WORLD STIMULANTS SUCH AS
MARIGUANA
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ANCIENT MEXICANS FERMENTED
AGAVE/PULQUE
PIMA AND PAPAGO INDIANS MADE A CACTUS
WINE AND BEER FROM MESQUITE
TRIBES ALONG THE ATLANTIC COAST ON
NORTH AMERICA MADE PERSIMMON WINE
INDIANS MADE AT LEAST 40 ALCOHOLIC
DRINKS FROM VARIOUS FRUITS AND PLANTS
THE MOST EXOTIC WAS THE BALCHE MADE
FROM THE FERMENTED HONEY OF
STINGLESS BE
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THE SEARCH FOR STRONGER AND
MORE PROFITABLE DRUGS CONTINUE