Download Fruits and Seeds

Fruits and Seeds
introduction

What is the result of the
reproduction in flowers?

What is it that flowers produce?

Fruit and seeds.

Both of these are the result of
pollination,
Pollination of Flowers

Male- pollen- is transferred to the
female’s stigma.

A pollen tube grows down through
the style into the ovary to deliver
the sperm cell (pollen).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQiszdkOwuU

Fertilization occurs when the
sperm and egg are joined= seed
Fruit

Fruits occur after a flower has been
pollinated.

The flower petals fall off

The ovary and other surrounding parts
enlarge and develop into a fruit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=bwCpQflmQG4

The fruit is a seed bearing organ




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Encloses the seeds
Protects the seed
Means of dispersal of the seed
Ripened, seed-bearing plant ovaries
Vary in form, color, size, texture and
number – aids in identification
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=4ttRgMj7PdQ
2 Types of Fruits

Fleshy fruits

Juicy and brightly colored
Dry Fruits
 Dry
fruits (nuts, beans)
 Generally
grey, brown, or another
dull color
 Thin and dry ovary wall
 Food is largely confined to the
seeds.
Seeds:

A mature, fertilized ovules, or
eggs, that are contained within a
fruit.

Range in sizes and shapes

Disbursed in different manners:
 wind, animals,
Radicle
Radicle
Radicle
Seed Anatomy

Embryo:
a complete miniature plant in resting
stage.
 It has roots, stems, and one or 2
leaves called cotyledons.

 Monocots
 Dicots
have 1 cotyledon.
have 2 cotyledons.
EndospermFood Storage Tissue

Tissues that contain stored, sugar, proteins and
fats and oils.

Used by the plant in its first stages of growth and
development.

Plants like corn have much of their food in the
endosperm.

Other plants like beans have theirs stored in the
cotyledons
Radicle

Embryonic root

First to emerge from seed coat
during germination
Seed Coverings

Seed Coat


Tissues that surrounds the embryo
and endosperm
Functions to protect the seed from
moisture loss, injury, and other
unfavorable conditions.
Distribution of Seeds
Wind
 Water
 Animals
 Explosive


Some seeds have special
adaptions to help them move
farther from the parent plant

ExplosivePea family
 As the pod dries in the sun tension is
placed on the seed coat.
 When the seed coat burst it acts like
a spring, ejecting the seed a distance
from the parent

Germination

When the embryo begins to
actively grow

In order for seeds to germinate:
Must be viable (good)
 Must not be dormant, or in a period
where growth is not possible.
 Must be exposed to the right
environment

What is the right
environment?

Must have water (starts the
germination process)

Good temperatures

Oxygen must be present

Need either light or dark
depending upon the type of seeds.
3 Stages in Germination

Stage 1: Activation



Inbibition (take up) of water
This can happen if the seed is
alive or dead
Stage 2: Digestion

Embryo begins to digest or eat
the fats, proteins and sugars in
the endosperm
Stage 3: Seedling
growth
 Cells
at the growing points
divide Cells elongate
 Radicle emerges:
Radicle the growing point
at the root (the first
structure to emerge from
the seed coat.