Download Land Plants


What are two land plant adaptations that meet
the challenge of conserving moisture?

Describe an adaptation that helps plants
reproduce in a land environment.

Describe two adaptations that help land plants
acquire resources.

Explain why land plants need a vascular
system and the rigid structure of ligninreinforced cells.

Which group of plants
is the first group of
plants with ligninhardened vascular
tissue?

Which group of plants
is the latest group to
appear in the history
of plants?

What are two land plant adaptations that meet
the challenge of conserving moisture?



Bark
Cuticle
Describe an adaptation that helps plants
reproduce in a land environment.

Seeds – prevent drying out.

Describe two adaptations that help land plants
acquire resources.



Roots
Vascular Tissue
Explain why land plants need a vascular
system and the rigid structure of ligninreinforced cells.


Vascular system – distributes water
Lignin – helps plants stand upright.
Origin of Plants

Land plants came from Green Algae

A plant is a multicellular autotroph in which
the embryo develops within the female parent.
Challenges to Life on Land

Resources



Algae - surrounding water
Plants - air and soil
Roots


Anchor plant
Absorb water and Minerals

Shoots – Support, photosynthesis

Leaves

Vascular tissue



Xylem - water
Phloem – organic compounds
Woody tissue (xylem)
Do Now: Copy this Chart
Land Plants
Problem
Solution(s)
cuticle
Not in water – can’t disperse
No water to hold up plant
Need to be anchored
Need to obtain water
Stomata
Maintaining Moisture


Cuticle – waxy coating on the leaves – helps
retain water.
Stomata - are microscopic pores in the leaf's
surface.
Spores and Seeds

Spore



Haploid
Light weight
Seed


Seed coat
Endosperm (nourishment)
Alternation of Generations

Sporophyte (spore producing) diploid stage
and a gametophyte haploid stage.

Nonvascular plants

Gametophyte is dominant
Vascular plants

Sporophyte is dominant
Bryophytes, Pterophytes,
Gymnosperms, Angiosperms





Structure
Example
Reproduction
Vascular or Nonvascular?
Seeds or Seedless?
Bryophytes


Nonvascular
Lack True leaves and roots


Have “roots” called rhizoids
Need water to reproduce
Pterphyta (Ferns)




Vascular plant (tracheophytes)
Seedless (produce spores)
Need water to reproduce
Lignin
Fronds
Fiddleheads
Seed Plants


Greater success
Germinate in the right conditions (embryo
grows into a seedling)
Gymnosperms

Vascular

Seeds that are not
enclosed in an ovary (in
a cone).

Phylum Coniferophyta
– most common
gymnosperms.
Gymnosperms

Adaptations:



Small gametophyte (haploid) generation
Pollen
Seed – (embryo + food)
Picture 1: Why does the celery turn red?
Picture 2: What are the red dots on the celery?
Angiosperms

Flowering plants

Eggs/Seeds enclosed by
an ovary
Moncot vs. Dicot
Embryo
Moncots - 1 cotyledon
Dicots – 2 cotyledons
Moncot vs. Dicot
Leaves


Monocots – parallel
veins
Dicots – net venation
Moncot vs. Dicot
Stems

Monocot- scattered vascular bundles

Dicot- Radially arranged
Grass
Sunflower
Magnolia
Corn
Day Lily