Download CARBOHYDRATES

First Five 10/7
1. Why does water have a
high specific heat?
2. Why is water able to
have cohesion and
adhesion?
3. How does our body
protect against pH
changes?
4. Take out Atomic Super
Notes
Schedule
1.First Five
2.Carb Notes
3.Work on Prelab
HW: Atomic Super Notes –
Due today
Study Guide 2.3, 2.4, 2.5 –
Due Friday 10/10.
GQ: How are Carbohydrates
structured?
Buffers
pH is regulated in organisms by a substance called
buffers
- Can bind to a H+ ion when the H+
concentration increases
- Can release a H+ ion when the H+
concentration decreases
Maintains homeostasis
Four main types of carbon-based
molecules are found in living things.
•
•
•
•
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Carbon-based molecules are made of many small
subunits bonded together.
– Monomers are the individual subunits.
– Polymers are made of many monomers.
CARBOHYDRATES
Carbohydrates are nutrients
used for energy and plant
cell walls.
They are made of Carbon,
Hydrogen, Oxygen.
C, H, O
3 Molecular Structures
1. Monomer: one molecule of sugar
Ex: glucose (blood sugar)
fructose (fruit sugar)
glucose
2. Dimer: two molecules of sugar
Ex:
–Sucrose (glucose+fructose)
is white sugar
–Lactose in milk.
glucose
fructose
3. Starches are many sugars
bonded together
Polymer: many molecules of
sugar
glucose
glucose
glucose
glucose
starch
glucose
glucose
glucose
glucose
First Five 10/8
1. In your own words,
what is the difference
between regular sugar
and a starch?
2. In your own words, how
are sugars and
starches the same?
Schedule
1.First Five
2.Finish Carb notes
3.Work on Prelab
HW:
Study Guide 2.3, 2.4, 2.5 –
Due Friday.
GQ: How are Carbohydrates
structured?
Carbohydrates
There are 4 Types.
1. Simple Sugars
•
•
•
•
Monosaccharide or Disaccharides
Taste sweet
Made by plants
Used for energy
2. Starches or
Polysaccharides
Rice, potatoes, grains
• Stored energy in
plants
• Taste bland
• Animals eat starchy
plants for energy.
3. Glycogen: Animal starch stored in the
liver for energy.
Glycogen
Human
liver
4. Cellulose
Cotton, wood,
leaves
• plant cell walls
• wood
• Cannot be
digested by
humans