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Plant
Structures
and Functions
Structures and Functions
Structuremeans a part.
Examples: roots,
stems, and
leaves.


Functionmeans a job.
The Root’s Functions
1. Roots absorb water and minerals
from the soil like a sponge.
 2. Roots hold a plant in place like an
anchor.
 3. Roots can store food like a fridge.


Root hairsthreadlike cells
that take in
water and
minerals from
soil.

Nutrients- a
substance
needed for
nourishment.
Synonym for
minerals.
Types of Roots
Taproot- A single, thick root.
Carrot Root
Dandelion Root
Fibrous roots- Many same size roots that
spread out into the soil.
Grass Roots
The fibrous roots in larger trees
need to spread out farther in order to
support the tree. Sometimes they even
show up above ground.
Some roots, like these
beets, along with
carrots and turnips
are edible.
Watch as the fibrous roots
in this lima bean plant grow
deeper and spread further
into the soil.
The Stem’s Function

The stem carries
water, minerals,
and other
nutrients to and
from the roots
and leaves.
The Stem: A 2-Way Highway
Food for
the plant is
made in
the leaves. It
travels
through
the stem to
other parts
of the
plant. Any
extra food is
stored in the
roots.
Water and
nutrients
are
absorbed
by the roots
and travel
through the
stem to the
leaves.
Types of Stems
Woody stems provide extra
support to larger plants like
trees and shrubs.

Soft stems are soft, green,
bendable, and found in smaller
plants like daisies and strawberries.

Exit Slip- A Real Head-Scratcher
1.
2.
What are the 3 functions of the roots?
What is the main function of the stem?