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Authors:
Filonova Darya
Paramonov Nikita
Form: 11A
Teacher:
Matushkina Zh. N.
Welcome to our native town.
Stroitel is situated in Belgorod
region. Our town was founded in
1958. It is a beautiful modern
town with the population of more
than 30.000 people.
Stroitel is a very green town.
Everybody
likes
to
its
abundance of trees and
flowers in avenues, parks,
just
in
streets
near
residential blocks of flats.
Actuality
In our town there is a beautiful
green park called Marshalkovo. It
is unique because we can see a
lot of plants in it
and many
different animals live here. The
modern progress gave birth to a
very serious problem – the
problem of environment. The
disappearance of some species of
animals and plants from the Earth
is the result of the pollution of air,
land and water. The protection of
natural resources and wildlife is
becoming a political programme
in every town. We decided to take
part in this programme and to tell
all people of our region about
endangered animals and plants in
our park.
The aim of our research:
creating Red book of Marshalkovo.
Tasks:
• to visit Marshalkovo and take some photos of plants,
animals, birds;
• to read special books and find out what animals and
birds are in danger;
• to document the results of our research;
• to attract children’s attention to this problem;
• to print Red Book and give it to our school museum.
Object of research: park Marshalkovo.
UNIT1 PLANTS
Campanula persicifolia
Campanula persicifolia
or Peach-leaved Bellflower
is a plant species of the
genus Campanula. It can
be almost one meter high.
Its flowers are cup-shaped
and can be either lilac-blue
or white. Its foliage is
narrow and glossy with a
bright green appearance.
It flowers normally in
June; a dry summer may
reduce
or
inhibit
its
flowering.
Nuphar
The common name is
water lily or waterlily.
Nuphar differs in having
its petals being much
smaller than its 4-6 bright
yellow-coloured
sepals,
whereas in Nymphaea, the
petals are much larger than
the
sepals.
The
fruit
maturation also differs, with
Nuphar fruit being held
above
water
level
to
maturity,
whereas
Nymphaea fruit sink below
the water level immediately
after the flower closes.
Lily of the Valley
Convallaria
majalis
is
commonly known as the lily of
the valley or lily-of-the-valley.
Convallaria majalis is a
herbaceous perennial plant
that forms extensive colonies
by spreading underground
stems called rhizomes.The
stems grow to 15–30 cm tall,
with one or two leaves 10–25
cm long, flowering stems have
two leaves and a raceme of 5–
15 flowers on the stem apex.
The flowers are white tepals,
bell-shaped,
5–10
mm
diameter,
and
sweetly
scented; flowering is in late
spring.
Pulmonaria
The
scientific
name
Pulmonaria is derived from
Latin pulmo. In the times of
sympathetic
magic,
the
spotted
oval
leaves
of
Pulmonaria officinal is were
thought
to
symbolize
diseased, ulcerated lungs, and
so were used to treat
pulmonary infections. The
common name in many
languages also refers to
lungs,
as
in
English
"lungwort"
and
German
"Lungenkraut". In some East
European
languages,
the
common name is derived from
a word for honey, e.g. Russian
"medunitza".
Pasque flower
A pasque flower or pasqueflower is valued for their
finely-dissected leaves, solitary bell-shaped flowers,
and plumed seed heads. The pasqueflower is also
commonly known as the prairie crocus, wind flower,
Easter Flower, and meadow anemone. Anthers are
bright yellow and the bell consists of sepals. The genus
Pulsatilla is sometimes considered a subgenus under
the genus Anemone. Different varieties of the Pasque
flower are the floral emblems of various territories.
Polygonatum odoratum
Polygonatum odoratum, commonly known as Angular
Solomon's-seal or Scented Solomon's-seal, is a plant
species of the genus Polygonatum. Polygonatum
odoratum is a colonizing herbaceous plant with
alternate, simple leaves, on green stems. The flowers are
white, born in spring and hang from the underside of the
stems.
Primula
Many
species
are
grown
for
their
ornamental
flowers.
Perennial
primulas
bloom mostly during the
spring; their flowers can
be purple, yellow, red,
pink, or white. Generally,
they
prefer
filtered
sunlight.
The
word
primula is the Latin
feminine diminutive of
primus, meaning first,
applied to flowers that
are among the first to
open in spring.
UNIT2 ANIMALS, BIRDS
Grass Snake
The Grass Snake is sometimes called the Ringed
Snake or Water Snake. It is often found near water. The
Grass Snake is typically dark green or brown in colour
with a characteristic yellow collar behind the head, which
explains the alternative name ringed snake. Females are
considerably larger than males, typically reaching a size
of 90–110 centimetres when fully grown. Males are
approximately 20 centimetres shorter. Weight is about 240
grams.
Vipera berus
Vipera berus, the common European adder or common
European viper, is a venomous viper species that is
extremely widespread. They are not regarded as highly
dangerous. The snake is not aggressive and usually only
bites when alarmed or disturbed. They feed on small
mammals, birds, spiders, worms and insects. The common
adder is ovoviviparous; litters range in size from 3 to 20 with
young staying with their mothers for a few days. Adults grow
to a length of 60 to 90 centimetres and a mass of 50 grams to
about 180 grams.
The Little Owl
The Little Owl is a small owl, 23-27.5 cm in length. It
has a large head, long legs, and yellow eyes, and its
white “eyebrows” give it a stern expression. This
species has a bounding flight like a woodpecker.
The Thrush Nightingale
The
Thrush
Nightingale is a small
passerine bird, they are
often called chats. It is
plain grey brown above
and grey to white below.
Its greyer tones, giving a
cloudy appearance to the
underside, and lack of
the Nightingale's obvious
red tail side patches are
the clearest plumage
differences from that
species.
Sexes
are
similar.
Golden Oriole
Golden orioles have an extremely large range with
large populations that are apparently stable. The male is
striking in the typical oriole black and yellow plumage,
but the female is a drabber green bird. Orioles are shy,
and even the male is remarkably difficult to see in the
dappled yellow and green leaves of the canopy. In flight
they look somewhat like a thrush, strong and direct with
some shallow dips over longer distances.
Long-tailed Tit
Long-tailed
tit
is
easily
recognisable with its distinctive
colouring, a tail that is bigger
than its body, and undulating
flight. A pretty little bird, that has
a fluffy round body with an untidy
appearance, typically 13-15cm in
length, half of which is the very
long tail.
The long-tailed tit is social and energetic bird. Longtailed tits build their nests in bushes, using moss, wool,
feathers and spiders webs to create a deep barrel shaped
dome with a tiny side entrance. Insects are the preferred
source of food and they can catch them in mid air flying
stationary like a humming bird or flycatcher, some seeds
in autumn and winter are taken when insects are hard to
find.
The Short-toed Eagle
Latin name is Circaetus
gallicus. Other name is Short
Toed Snake. The Short Toed
Eagle preys mainly on snakes,
but also small reptiles like
lizards. It is predominantly
light-coloured from below, with
a dark, almost owl-like, head.
They can be very pale, even on
the head, with few, if any, of
the characteristic brown dotted
lines below.
Conclusion:
We love our native land. We are children of nature and we
must be very careful in usage of natural resources. Every ten
minutes one kind of animal or plant dies out forever. Millions of
species have already left from our planet; thousand of others
will escape tomorrow. Each a worm and a bird has each place in
an ecological chain.
About 10% of the animal species are in need of special
protection. 15 species are included in our Red Book. The book
provides a central information source in organizing studies and
monitoring programs on rare and endangered species and their
habitats.
Practical significance
Of course, we can’t stay indifferent to these problems. We
decided to create a special organization «Marshalkovo
Planet», which saves plants and animals. We help them to
survive and cause. We must take care of nature, because
we are part of it. We have already had meeting with the
pupils of our school. We told them about environmental
problems and endangered plants and animals. A lot of
pupils join and support our organization. We wrote an
article about it in our local newspaper.
Resources:
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primula
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasque_flower
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lily_of_the_Valley
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonaria
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuphar
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campanula_persicifolia
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grass_Snake
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vipera_berus
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Owl
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrush_Nightingale
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Oriole
•http://www.birddiary.co.uk/birdinfo.asp?bid=56http://monaco
eye.com/birds/index_files/circaetus_gallicus_short_toed_ea
gle.php
• Красная Книга Яковлевского района