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Unit 6 – Lecture 5
Plantae
 domain eukarya
 multicellular
 autotrophic
 reproduces using alternation of generations
 immobile
 believed to have evolved from algae
 plants have many adaptations that make them
suitable for living on land instead of in the water,
like algae
Adaptations
 leaves – broad and flat
to capture light for
photosynthesis
Adaptations
 cuticle – waxy coating on leaves which
prevents water loss
 plant does not have
to live in water to
retain moisture
Adaptations
 roots – absorb water and nutrients, anchors plant
 plant-like protists do not have these
 some offer food storage
Adaptations
 vascular tissues – for transport of materials
Vascular Tissue
 xylem – transportation of water and minerals
 moves bottom up – from roots to leaves
 phloem – transportation of products of photosynthesis
 moves top down – from leaves to roots
 stem – structural support, holds vascular tissues
 non-vascular plants and plant-like protists must have a
constant water source to use osmosis and diffusion to
transfer nutrients and wastes
Adaptations
 seeds – plant embryo + food supply
 seed coat – protective layer to keep in moisture
 many have means of dispersal

maples, dandelions, etc
Adaptations
 seeds – plant embryo + food supply
 delayed growth until favorable conditions
 more effective than spores [per ratio]
 do not need continuous water to reproduce
Adaptations
 Alternation of Generations
 sexual and asexual phases of reproduction
 ALL plants
do this at
some point
 allows plant
to live in
many
habitats
Review
 Summarize the six [6] things which allow plants to live
further away from a water source / to live on land.
Plant Diversity
 vascular plants –
 can grow much larger because
of support structures like stems
 includes most familiar plants
Plant Diversity
 non-vascular plants –
 no more than a few cells thick
 much smaller in overall size
 require a LOT of
moisture
 use direct
osmosis/diffusion
 mosses, liverworts,
hornworts
Plant Diversity
 seed plants –
 all are vascular
 palm, vine, ginko, conifers, flowering plants
Plant Diversity
 non-seed plants –
 require water for reproduction
sperm must swim through water to get to egg
 can be vascular or non-vascular
 ferns, mosses, liverworts,
hornworts

Review
 Summarize the four [4] basic types of plants.