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Organisms and Their Needs Lesson 1 Chapter 1 Science © 2009 abcteach.com Living Things • • • • • Organisms Respond Reproduce Environment Cell What are living things? • Organisms • All living things Living Things Grow • What happens when you plant a seed? • What happens to a baby kitten? All living things grow • Over time all living things change with age. • All organisms use energy Living Things Respond • Respond means- react • When a plant is in the shade it responds by bending towards the light • What happens when a cat sees a dog? Questions • What are some characteristics of living things? • Think of examples to help you…. Living Things Reproduce • Reproduce means to make more of one’s kinds • Has anyone ever saw a litter of kittens or puppies? • Or a nest of birds? • An apple tree reproduces by making apple seeds Questions • How does a turtle reproduce? • Think of other examples…… Questions • What are some characteristics of things? Answer • They grow, take in energy, respond to their surroundings, and reproduce. Question • Is a toy a living thing? How can you tell? Answer • No, it does not grow, reproduce, or respond to its surroundings. What do living things Need? • Food • Water • Space Environment • All living things and nonliving things that surround an organism Food • Energy • How to plants get their food? • What do animals eat? Food • How do we get energy? • What kind of food do you eat to get energy? Water • Half your body is water • Your body uses water to break down food and get rid of waste. • You need water to stay healthy Questions??????? • What are four things organisms need to stay healthy? Answer • Food • Water • Gases • Space Question???? • Why do organisms need food? Answer??????? • For Energy Question???? • Why do organisms need water? Answer • To break down food and get rid of waste Gases • Animals need oxygen to survive • Where do you find oxygen? Answer • Air and water Question • Who uses oxygen in the water? Answer • Clams, fish, and most sea animals Plants • What do plants need? Answer • Need oxygen and a gas called carbon dioxide • Plants use energy from the sun to change carbon dioxide and water into food Space • Organisms need space • What is an organism? Answer? • All living things space • Plants need space to grow and to get water and sunlight • Animals need space to move and find food Questions • Does a whale and goldfish need the same amount of space? Question • How is a classroom an environment? • What are some living things in nthe classroom? • What are some nonliving things in the classroom? Questions • What are some things that all organisms need to survive? • What might happen to an animal in a crowded environment? Plants and Their Parts Lesson 2 What are plants? • What are characteristics of plants? • Make their own food • Plants do not eat living things • Most plants are green • Most plants do not move • Most plants do not stop growing. © 2009 abcteach.com Plants • What are some common structures found in most plants? • Roots • Stems • leaves Vocabulary • Structures • Parts of plants • Help plants get what they need What three structures do plants have? • Roots • Stems • leaves Critical thinking • Most plants do not have structures for eating. What might be a reason for this? • Plants do not eat food. They make their food from energy from the Sun. What is a root? • Plants take in water through their roots • Roots also hold a structure in place • Carrots and radishes have one thick root called a taproot. Roots • Not all plants have one big root (taproot) others have a web design • Roots take in water, hold a root in place • What else do plants absorb through their roots? Roots • Nutrients….. • Substance that help living things grow and stay healthy • Nutrients are part of the soil Roots • Can you think of roots we can eat? • Carrots • Radishes • Sweet potatoes Review Quiz Time • How do roots help a plant meet its needs? • What is a root? • Name a root we can eat. Question Review • What is a nutrient? • Where do we find nutrients? Stems • Stems are structures that hold up a plant • Stems hold up leaves so that they get sunlight • Stem carries water, nutrients and food throughout the plant Question time • What are the three functions of a stem? • Name one root we can eat. • What is the function of the root. Stems • Not all stems are the same • Stems can be soft and green • They can be hard and woody Review • How are plant roots different? • How are roots alike? • What is a stem? Leaves • Many shapes and sizes • Leaf is where a plant makes its food • Photosynthesis is the process in which plants make their own food Photosynthesis • Process in which plants make their own food • Use energy from the Sun • Change carbon dioxide and water into sugars • Sugars are food for plants Questions • What job do leaves have? • What is photosynthesis? Answers • Make food for the plant • The process in which plants make food using energy from the sun Questions • What are some different types of leaves? • What is the jobs of leaves? • What enters through the tiny openings in the leaf? Answers • Narrow and pointy like a fern • Broad and flat like the maple • • • • Shaped like a needle Make carbon dioxide Soak up the sunlight Make food Leaves • Chlorophyll gives leaves their color • Plants give off oxygen • People and animals need oxygen to live Questions • Where do plants get energy to make food? • What does a plant to make food? • What do plants give off during photosynthesis? Animals • Use senses to get information • Wolf growls when sees , gears, smells another wolf near its young. • Snake may lie in the sun when it is cold Animals • A cat will look for food when it is hungry • Bees sting when they fear danger Senses • How do animals use their senses? Animals Have structures • Structures are parts…. • Parts helps animals get what they need • Legs, fins, wings, tails Animals can move • Animals move to find water and food • Escape danger How do animals move? • Feet • Legs • Tails • wings Who has strong legs? • Wolves • Cheetahs • House cats Some animals have no legs • Snails • Snakes • Birds Questions • What are some animals that move? • Why do animals move? • What structures do animals have to help them move? How do animals get what they need? • They need • Water • Food • oxygen Animals • Have structures to help them get what they need! Getting water and food • Long tongues for water • Birds have beaks • Elephants have trunks Food • Structures helps animals get their food • Lions scrape meat with their rough tongues • Birds grab with worms with their beaks Getting Oxygen • Animals breathe to get oxygen • Breathe with lungs • Lungs are structures that take in oxygen Fish • Fish live in water • They take in oxygen using gills • Gills are structures that take in oxygen from the water Breathing • Some animals can breathe without lungs or gills. • Worms • Salamanders • Through their skin Questions • What are gills? • What are lungs? • How do fish Breathe? • How do humans breathe? How do animals Stay Safe • By Bad weather • Other Animals Protecting • Find a place of shelter • Shelter is a safe place • Some animals have structures that help protect them Protecting • Some animals find shelter in the ground • Groundhogs dig holes in the soil with their paws • Lizards flatten their bellies and crawl under rocks Protecting • Some animals use trees • Birds build nests • Snail’s hard shell protects it Questions • Why do animals need shelter? • What are some places where animals find shelter? Answers • Stay safe in their environment; protect themselves from bad weather;to protect from other animals that might eat them • In holes in the ground; in caves; under rocks; in nests, plants, and trees Questions • What is shelter? Answer • A place where an animal can stay safe How are an animal’s needs like a plant’s need? How are they different? • Different • Plant needs carbon dioxide, sunlight, and nutrients from the soil Same • Both plants and animals need food, water, space, and oxygen. Different • Animals must eat other organisms for energy Question • How might long legs help a bird that lives in a pond environment? • Long legs might help a bird stand in water to look for food. Question • Animals use all the structures below to get oxygen except • eyes Question • What helps animals survive in their environments? • Animals survive in their environments by using their structures to get food, water, and oxygen. Organisms • • • • Respond Reproduce Grow move animals • If all animals grow, reproduce, respond. How do you classify them? Classify Animals • Animals all look different. Think of tigers, ants, bluebirds, sharks. • We can group them by their structures. • Structures are……… Structures • Structures are parts Classifying • One way we classify animals is by their backbone • If they have one or if they do not have one Vocabulary • Vertebrate….animals that have a backbone • Tigers, dogs, eagles, goldfish Vocabulary • Invertebrate.. Animals without a backbone. • Insects • Worms • jellies Invertebrates • Live on land and water • Sponges • Worms and jellies • Sea stars and urchins Exoskeleton • Antropods… • insects..spiders..lobsters…beetles Invertebrates • Mollusks • Clams • Snails • octopuses Invertebrates • Exoskeleton, thin, hard covering • Exoskeleton is a structure that protects their body Questions • What kind of invertebrates are protected by an exoskeleton? Answer • Insects, spiders, lobsters Question • What kinds of invertebrates are protected by shells? Answer • Snails • Scallops • Squids Question • What type of skeleton do worms have? Answer • No skeleton inside or out Vertebrates