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* A biome is a large geographic area with similar climate and ecosystems * Tundra * Coniferous/Boreal Forest(Taiga) * Deciduous Forest * Tropical Rain Forest * Grassland/Savannah * Desert • Where is the tundra? • Around the North Pole and near the Arctic Ocean • Climate (weather) • Very cold and dry • Temperature: less than -5°C • Only has 25 centimeters or less of rain every year • What the land looks like • Permafrost: the dirt that is always frozen (even in the spring and summer) • Comes from Russian word meaning “treeless” • Plants • Fungi and algae • They cover the rocks and ground • Animals caribou duck lemming wolf ermine marmot polar bear sandy hill crane musk ox snowy owl • Climate • Cold and snowy • What the land looks like • In the winter: • Ground is frozen • In the spring: • Taiga: swampy forest • Snow melts and the ground becomes wet and swampy because the deeper ground is frozen Alaska Canada Europe Asia In Canada, Alaska, northern Asia, and northern Europe • Conifer trees (have cones) cone • Have needles covered with wax • Wax protects the needles from freezing needles Kinds of conifer trees pine spruce fir Moose Hawk Owl Beaver Lynx Wolf Red Squirrel Black bear Wolverine Snowshoe Rabbit • Climate • Summers are warm • Winters are cold • Gets 75 centimeters of rain every year of rain!) (that’s over 2 feet • What is special about deciduous trees? • The leaves change colors and fall off the trees in autumn and grow new leaves in the spring • The leaves on the ground make the dirt better and help plants grow. Deciduous forests are between northeastern United States and Canada. Some are in the eastern United States. Others grow in Europe and eastern Asia. * Trees * Flowers * Oak * Hickory * Lily of the valley * Maple * Beech * Star Flower Eagle Raccoon Mouse Brown Bear Porcupine Black Bear Red Fox Coyote Chipmunk White-tailed Deer • Climate • Rains almost everyday • Gets almost 10 feet of rain every year. • Very hot all year long Decatur The largest tropical rainforest is in South America. It is called the Amazon rain forest. They are also found in central Africa, Central America, Southeast Asia, Hawaii, and a small area of Australia. • There are _____ two kinds of grasslands. • Temperate grasslands: called prairies • Tropical grasslands: called savannas • Climate • All grasslands get between 25 and 75 centimeters of rain every year. Coniferous forest The largest grassland is in Africa. There are also grasslands in North America, South America, central Asia, and northern Australia. • Some are found in the United States • Texas has the LBJ grasslands. • Land is usually flat • Not a lot of trees grass • The most important plant is __________. • Largest savannas are found in Africa • There are only a few trees on the savanna • Why don’t a lot of trees grow? • Savanna does not get a lot of rain • People set the grass on fire to stop trees from growing • Animals eat the trees before they can start growing tall • Grass • Can live without a lot of rain • Acacia tree • Baobab tree African elephant Black Rhinoceros Cheetah Zebra Hippopotamus Wild Dog Giraffe Ostrich Hyena Lions Warthog two There are __________ kinds of deserts. • Hot deserts and cold deserts hot desert cold desert Sahara Desert Gobi Desert In Africa, western North America, western Asia, central Australia, and western South America. * Climate * gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year * hot during the day and cool at night * Climate * gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year * cold all of the time * can live there because the roots are close to the top of the ground and can get the water quickly. Cactus Barrel Cactus Aloe Prickly Pear Cactus Black-collared lizard snakes camel desert iguana roadrunner jackrabbit * Marine * Freshwater ocean * The marine biome is the _________________ biome. * covers about 70% of the Earth * has salt water * Organisms that live in the ocean are able to live in the salt water. * sunlight, water pressure, and water movement affect the organisms too • because of these things, the ocean is divided into different areas • different organisms live in each area * The water that is very deep has cold temperatures, high pressures, and is very dark • Many of the plants live near the top of the water • they need the sunlight to help them grow and make food • Most marine organisms live near the top of the water or close to land • Many animals dig down into the sand or hang on to rocks, so they do not get lost in the sea • Other larger animals live where the water is deep barracuda flashlight fish star fish green sea turtle clown fish killer whale crab shrimp salt * Freshwater means it does not have _______________ in it * Includes still water and moving water * Examples of still water * lakes and ponds * Examples of moving water * rivers and streams * Many of the plants that live in freshwater have strong roots to keep them in one place. * Some plants grow around the edge of the lake or float on the top of the water cattail water lily carp bass mallards trout bull frog 6 * There are __________ land biomes: Tundra ____________________ Tropical Rain Forest ____________________ Coniferous Forest ____________________ Grassland ____________________ Deciduous Forest ____________________ Desert ____________________ 2 * There are __________ water biomes: Marine ____________________ Freshwater ____________________
