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4. Eudicotsthe largest
group
Laurales
Magnoliales
2.
Magnoliids
Piperales
Canellales
3.
Monocots
1. Basal
Angiosperms
Monocots
(11 orders)
Araceae
Petaloid
Grass-like
Monocots are monophyletic.
Alismatales
(11 families)
Araceae
Symplocarpus foetidus
Arisaema triphyllum
Symplocarpus foetidus flowers are bisexual.
Note Spathe and Spadix
Arisaema triphyllum, Jack-in-the-pulpit.
Spath
Spadix
Leaf
A developing inflorescence of
Amorphophallus titanum, native to Sumatra.
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Amorphophallus can produce a strong odor.
In Indonesia it is called “bunga bangkai”,
the "corpse flower."
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Saving a specimen
at the Fairchild
Botanical Gardens
www.fairchildgarden.org/blooms/amorphophallus99harvesting.html
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Taro
Colocasia
esculenta
Araceae
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Traditional Poi
Preparation
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Quicker Method
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Taro is one of the few crops that grows well
in wet soils. It can also grow in dry areas.
Monocots
(11 orders)
Araceae
Petaloid
Grass-like
The Liliales
We will focus on 3 families in the Liliales:
Liliaceae, Trilliaceae and the “Uvulariaceae” (not
monophyletic).
Liliales
(8 families)
Liliaceae
Lilium spp.
Erythronium americanum
Liliaceae, Lilium philadelphicum, note:
loculicidal capsule, spotted tepals, location
of nectaries at curled base of tepals, 6
tepals, 6 anthers, 3 parted stigma.
Liliales, Lilium sp., note 6 spotted tepals and
6 anthers.
Liliaceae, Erythronium americanum, one
of our earliest spring flowers,
Liliaceae, Erythronium americanum,
Trout Lily
Note mottled leaves.
Erythronium americanum, note bulb
(with contractile roots).
Erythronium
americanum
Later in flowering the
petals reflex. Note 6
tepals, 6 anthers.
Liliales
(8 families)
“Uvulariaceae”
Uvularia sessilifolia
Uvularia grandifolia
Streptopus roseus
“Uvulariaceae”, Uvularia sessilifolia, Bellwort
Uvularia grandifolia dissected flower.
“Uvulariaceae”, Uvularia sessilifolia, Bellwort.
Note growth form with an underground rhizome.
Uvularia sessilifolia
“Uvulariaceae” , Streptopus roseus,
Rosy twisted-stalk
Close-up of flower.
Note resemblance to
Uvularia. Petals are
free (not fused)
Liliales
(8 families)
Trilliaceae
Trillium grandiflorum
Trillium erectum
Trillium undulatum
Trilliaceae, Trillium grandiflorum, one of our showiest
Trillium found further south. Note a single whorl of
3 leaves and 3 sepals and 3 petals.
Trillium sp. Note:
a. leaf venation (parallel primary veins, net
secondary veins),
b. 3 leaves, 3 sepals and 3 petals.
Trilliaceae, Trillium erectum, Stinking Benjamin
Note 3 large leaves, 3 sepals, and 3 petals.
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Winged maroon ovary of Trillium erectum
Trilliaceae, Trillium undulatum, painted trillium.
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