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What are air masses? Lesson 3 Air Masses • Huge body of air – Same temperature – Same humidity – Heated or cooled by area it is over • Humidity – Amount of water vapor in the air Weather-result of how air, water and temperature interact. • Caused by the way air masses – Move – Interact • Weather is predicted by: – Where air mass is moving – What air masses it will meet – How it will meet them. Fronts-an area where two air masses meet • Cold fronts – Moving cold air mass meets a warm air mass – Move faster than warm fronts • Cold air – Denser than warm air – Sinks under warm air – Warm air pushed up – Water vapor in cooling air condenses into clouds. • Usually brings – winds – Heavy precipitation • Warm Fronts – Warm air runs into a cold front – Warm front develops – Warm air slides over cold air – Less dense than cold air, and rises – Water vapor forms clouds – Affects a larger area – Brings steady, long lasting precipitation Cloud Formation • • • • • Sun warms bodies of water Heated water evaporates Sun wars the air holding water vapor Air rises and cools Vapor become tiny water droplets and ice crystals (clouds) Cloud Types • Cumulus – Thick, white and puffy – Fair and good weather – High in the sky • Stratus – Flat layers – Close to earth’s surface – Rain or snow • Cirrus – Feathery – High in the atmosphere – Warm weather Alto-very high clouds Nimbo-rain bearing (producing) fog Cumulus Stratus Cirrus