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Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Florida Benchmarks • SC.5.E.7.3 Recognize how air temperature, barometric pressure, humidity, wind speed and direction, and precipitation determine the weather in a particular place and time. • SC.5.E.7.7 Design a family preparedness plan for natural disasters and identify reasons for having such a plan. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Windy Weather • Air is made of matter. It has mass and volume. • Air pressure is the weight of the atmosphere on Earth’s surface. • The sun does not heat all parts of Earth evenly. This causes changes in air pressure. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Windy Weather • Wind is moving air. • Differences in air pressure cause the air to move. • Wind blows from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Local Winds • Land heats up more quickly than water does during the day. • A sea breeze forms during the day when warm air over land rises and cool air over water moves inland to replace it. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Local Winds • Land loses heat faster than water at night. • A land breeze forms when cool air over land moves out to sea to replace the warm air rising from the water. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Windy Weather • Use the image below to describe how temperature affects air pressure. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Battling Bodies of Air • An air mass is a large body of air that has the same temperature and moisture properties throughout. • An air mass that forms over warm land will be warm and dry. • An air mass that forms over cold water will be cold and wet. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Battling Bodies of Air • The boundary where two different air masses meet is called a front. • A cold front forms where a cold air mass moves under a warm air mass. • A warm front forms where a warm air mass moves over a cold air mass. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Battling Bodies of Air • Describe what is happening in the diagram. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Battling Bodies of Air • Describe what is happening in the diagram. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Mapping the Weather • A weather map is a map that uses symbols to show weather data. • Different symbols show warm fronts and cold fronts. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Mapping the Weather • Describe the weather in three places. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? Mapping the Weather • Meteorologists get data from weather tools located at weather stations. • A weather station is a structure that has tools for measuring and recording weather data at a given location. • Satellites and Doppler weather radar are also used to gather weather data. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? When Disaster Strikes • Tornadoes, hurricanes, and blizzards are types of severe weather. • A tornado has a funnel shape and can form from violent thunderstorms. • A hurricane is a strong low-pressure storm that forms over warm water. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? When Disaster Strikes • A blizzard is a strong winter storm with high winds and heavy snowfall. • Preparedness plans help people stay safe when disaster strikes. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Weather Patterns Help Us Predict Weather? When Disaster Strikes • You should try to be indoors for severe weather. • Prepare an emergency kit with water, food, and a first-aid kit. • Listen to the radio for storm warnings. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company