Download Intertidal Zone - Intertidal/Pelagic Zones

Intertidal Zone
Definition
• Intertidal: the area between high tide
and low tide. Sometimes covered,
sometimes exposed, a very tough
habitat to live in.
• Also known as the littoral zone
What are they divided into?
• High tide zone
• Middle tide zone
• Low tide zone
What each one does
• High tide zone: The high tide zone is flooded during high
tide only, and is a highly saline environment. The abundance
of water is not high enough to sustain large amounts of
vegetation, although some do survive in the high tide zone
• Middle tide zone: The middle tide zone is submerged and
flooded for approximately equal periods of time per tide cycle.
Consequently temperatures are less extreme due to shorter
direct exposure to the sun, and therefore salinity is only
marginally higher than ocean levels.
• Low tide zone: This sub region is mostly submerged - it is
only exposed at the point of low tide and for a longer period of
time during extremely low tides.
Climate
• The intertidal zone doesn’t really have a
certain climate because it’s wherever an
ocean is so it could be warm, cold, humid,
sunny, or cloudy and much more.
Worldwide Location
• It doesn’t really have an exact location
but it would be on the border line of the
whole country and between high and
low tides.
Threats to the Intertidal and
Pelagic Biome are. . . .
• Oil spills
• Diseases in the water
• Pollution
Predation
•An example of
Predation would be a
shark and smaller
fish.
Mutualism
•An example of
Mutualism would be
the pilot fish and the
sharks. Because the
fish clean the shark
and get a meal and
the sharks get clean.
Commensalism
•An example is whales and
barnacles.
Quic kTime™ and a
dec ompres sor
are needed to see this picture.
This is the intertidal food web.
Another food web…..
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Biodiversity
QuickTime™ and a
QuickTime™
and a
decompressor
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
are needed to see this picture.
You might ask yourself how do us as humans benefit
from this biome?
• We benefit from this
biome in the following
ways . . . .
•
•
•
•
Food
Recreation
Transportation
Oil
Animals in the Intertidal Zone.
QuickTime™ and a
BMP decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Pelagic
PelagicZone
Zone
Pelagic zone: Open ocean zone. Usually
sub-divided by depth or amount of
QuickTime™ and a
sunlight. The upper
pelagic receives
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
sunlight. It is also known as the littoral
zone.
• Pelagic zone: Open ocean zone. Usually sub-divided
by depth or amount of sunlight. The upper pelagic
receives sunlight. It is also known as the littoral zone.
Climate
• The Pelagic Zone kind of has a climate but it
would depend what level you would be on so
it could be warm or cold and in between. The
temperature of the water depends on where
the water is located in the world. The ocean
temperatures in the North Pacific tend to be
warmer than those in the South Pacific.
• The precipitation in the winter is 20-65 cm per
year. During the summer its really dry.
Worldwide Location
• All around the world
• Every continent that has an ocean
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Plants
• Pelagic organisms include plankton, which
float along with currents, and nekton, which
are active swimmers. Plankton are divided
into phytoplankton, which include
photosynthesizing species such as algae ,
and zooplankton, which are consumer
species. Zooplankton consist largely of
copepods (tiny crustaceans).
Plants
Plankton
Zoo plankton
Algae
Specific Organisms from all
the Kingdoms are. . .
• Sharks
QuickTime™ and a
d eco mpres sor
are nee ded to s ee this picture.
• Dolphins
• Fish
QuickTime™ and a
d eco mpres sor
are nee ded to s ee this picture .
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Quic kTime™ and a
dec ompres sor
are needed to see this picture.
• Whales
• Turtles
QuickTime™ and a
d eco mpres sor
are nee ded to s ee this picture.
• Plants
Quic kTime™ and a
dec ompres sor
are needed to see this pic ture.
Pelagic zone
– All water above sea floor
– Upper layer: photic zone
(enough light for
photosynthesis)
– Below photic zone, no light;
nutrients provided by waste,
dead photic zone organisms
Each of the levels
-Epipalegic zone: Ocean surface from
650 feet deep.
-Mesopelagic zone: 650-3300 feet
-Bathypelagic zone: feet
-Abbyssopelagic zone: 3,300-13,000feet
-Hadopelagic zone: Deep ocean trenches,
greater than 13,000feet
What we would do
• Recycle: Not to pollute and litter. When you
throw your trash on the ground it somehow
ends up into the ocean.
• Less oil: The less oil you have in the ocean
the more less likely you will have an oil spill. So
we need to stop using so much oil and find
other ways to get around.
Current News Story
• Huge oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico
• BP caused it they were digging a whole in the bottom
of the ocean and then it exploded and now it’s all
over the ocean by the Gulf
• Animals are dying because there is too much oil
• BP said it will take $350 million to clean up all the oil
A better look on intertidal and
the pelagic zones