Download Physical Exam

• The PEER Program at
Texas A&M College of
Veterinary Medicine &
Biomedical Sciences
peer.tamu.edu
We Want All Our Loved Ones
To Be Healthy
Family
Friends
Pets
 Assesses overall health and condition
 Early detection of minor abnormalities
 Determine the extent of an injury or illness
 During a Physical Exam he:
 Makes observations
 Takes measurements
 Collects data
 Analyzes data
Observations of a Healthy Animal
 Content
 Clear bright eyes
 Alert and interested
 Sleek, shiny coat
 Pink mucous
membranes
 Good appetite
 Normal feces & urine
 Normal temperature,
pulse, & respiration
 Temperature
 Heart rate
 Respiration rate
 Base-line measurements indicate animal’s
current health
 May be first indication of abnormality
 A measure of the body's ability to
generate and get rid of heat
 Heat transfer
 Thermometer
 Varies due to illness, physical
activity, stage of pregnancy, time of
day, &/or environmental
surroundings
Average Temperature of Different
Species
Species
Horse
Temperature
(°F)
Cattle
99.5 – 101.3
100.4 – 103.1
Sheep & Goats
102.2 – 104.9
Swine
100.4 – 104.0
Dog
99.5 – 102.5
Cat
100.5 – 102.5
Human
98.6
Fever
 Body generates &
retains heat
 Immune response
 Maintain
homeostasis
 Rhythmic throb in an artery as blood is pushed
through it, heart rate
 Palpate: lower jaw in livestock, femoral artery in dogs
& cats, radial or carotid artery in humans
 Varies due to illness, age, size, sex, breed, exercise,
atmospheric conditions, time of day, eating, &/or
excitement
Average Pulse of Different Species
Species
Pulse (bpm)
Horse
28 - 40
Cattle
40 - 70
Sheep & Goats
60 - 90
Swine
60 - 100
Dog
60 - 100
Cat
150 - 200
Human
60-100
 Taking in oxygen, utilizing in body tissues, and giving off
carbon dioxide
 Evaluate visually or with a stethoscope
 Varies due to illness, body size, age, exercise, excitement,
environmental temperature, atmospheric conditions,
pregnancy, & fullness of the digestive tract
Average Respiration Rates of Different
Species
Species
respiration
(bpm)
Horse
8 - 16
Cattle
Sheep & Goats
10 - 30
12 - 20
Swine
8 - 18
Dog
10 - 30
Cat
20 - 30
Humans
15-20
 A material which stimulates the immune system
 Contains antigens that resembles a disease-causing agents
 Immune system recognizes the agent as "foreign",
destroys it, and then remembers it in the future.
 Prevents or lessens the
severity of disease
 Prevents spread of disease
between animals and
humans (zoonotic diseases)
 Core vaccines
 An organism that lives on or in a host and gets its food
from or at the expense of its host
 Symbiosis
 External Parasites
 Internal Parasites
 Periodontal disease
 Brush 3-4 times a week
 Provide chew toys
 Proper diet
 Schedule regular
cleanings
 Reduce the homeless
population
 6 – 8 million pets in
shelters each year
 Improve health and
behavior
 Reduce or eliminate:
some types of cancer,
roaming, marking, &
aggression
 Feed according to age, size,
activity level, and overall health
 Pet food vs human food
 Pet Obesity
 Pet’s physical state and needs
 Human-animal bond
 Maintains healthy heart, lungs, and muscles
 Controls weight
 Protect yourself!
 Call the emergency care




facility
Bleeding: elevate & apply
pressure
Choking: place fingers in pet’s
mouth and try to remove
blockage
Modified Heimlich maneuver
CPR
Questions?