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Use & Abuse of the Environment 2 extreme views of the environment Basic Pessimist Model Cowboy approach to economy is not sustainable “Spaceship Earth” – resources are finite Current econ growth exceeds carrying capacity Need holistic approach – conservation, pop control… Basic Optimist Model Finite resources but infinite productivity possibilities Adaptation / mitigation Negative feedback loops – market led adjustment Backstop technologies triggered by price signals. Historical relationship with the environment – different phases Nature is all powerful / awesome! Theories of Possibilism, Determinism Man is all powerful burn and move bend nature to suit mankind Hey, maybe there is a problem??? Co-exist harmoniously sustainability Economic – Environmental trade-offs Marginal analysis of costs & benefits Uses / value of the environment Survival “Land” = resource supply Waste assimilation Recreation Preservation of habitat / species Non-use value (option value) Abuse of the environment – 5 ways that humans damage the environment Harvest exceeding Natural Recharge Rate Selective nurturing of species Introduce “alien” species Destroy Habitats, cause Islandization Pollution, anthropogenic GHG emissions (anthropogenic? anthropocentric?)