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Progress since the February 2005 London DNA Barcode of Life Conference Scott Miller, Chair Consortium for the Barcode of Life Smithsonian Institution CBOL’s History • • • • • • 2003: First barcoding publications 2003: Sloan Fdn supports Banbury workshops 2004: Sloan 2-year inaugural CBOL grant 2004: Secretariat opens at Smithsonian 2005: International conference London 2006: Sloan 2-year renewal grant • Now an international affiliation of: Natural history museums, biodiversity organizations Users: e.g., government agencies Private sector biotech companies, database providers First International Barcode of Life Conference, NHM London • 240 participants from 44 countries • 38 CBOL Member Organizations • Announced plans for All-Fish and All-Birds initiatives • 30,000 barcode records in BOLD from ~10,000 species • First evidence of effectiveness of barcoding for identification Growth of CBOL • Executive Committee from 4 continents • Scientific Advisory Board from 13 countries • 159 Member Organizations from 50 countries • Outreach meetings to Africa, South/Central America, Asia • Now 54 Member Organizations from 23 LDCs • Network of 16 “Leading Labs” • Strong partnerships with GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ, GBIF, EOL CBOL’s Mission: Promoting DNA Barcoding as a Global Standard 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Developing/raising community standards Barcode projects to populate database Global participation and coordination Acceptance by taxonomic community Coordination with other fields of science Adoption by regulatory agencies Product development by private companies CBOL Member Organizations: 2007 • 150+ Member organizations, 50 countries • 50+ Member organizations from 20+ developing countries CBOL Structure Member Organizations Secretariat Office Working Groups Executive Committee Scientific Advisory Board Growth of BOLD, Barcode Data • Now ~300,000 BOLD records from 31,000 • • • • • species FISH-BOL has barcoded 14% of species ABBI has completed North American birds Tephritids and Mosquitos underway BARCODE data standards adopted Now thousands of fully compliant records Biodiversity Informatics: Fragmented, Unconnected Voucher Specimen Type specimens Varied species concepts: - BSC (hard to apply) - Typology - Genetic lineages ?? Journal Publication Species Name DNA Barcodes: A Key Variable for Biodiversity Informatics Voucher Specimen Museum databases of associated data Databases of species occurrences and distribution Barcode Sequence Journal Publication Species Name Authority files of taxonomic names BARCODE Records in GenBank Specimen Metadata Georeference Habitat Character sets Images Behavior Other genes Other Databases Phylogenetic Pop’n Genetics Ecological Voucher Specimen Barcode Sequence Trace files Primers Literature (link to content or citation) Species Name Indices - Catalogue of Life - GBIF/ECAT Nomenclators - Zoo Record - IPNI - NameBank Publication links - New species Databases - Provisional sp. Links to Taxonomic Literature • London meeting on electronic access to taxonomic literature, 2005 • Catalyzed Biodiversity Heritage Library www.biodiversitylibrary.org • Proactive steps with PubMed to add taxonomic journals to online abstracts • Aggressive negotiation with publishers of barcoding papers • Involvement in Encyclopedia of Life Adoption by Regulators International • FISH-BOL and fish regulatory agencies CBOL workshop in Taipei, September 2007 • FAO and International Plant Protection Convention Proposal for Diagnostic Protocols for fruit flies • CITES, National Agencies, Conservation NGOs International Steering Committee, identifying pilot projects National examples • US Federal Aviation Administration – Birds • US Environmental Protection Agency – Aquatic insects • US Department of Agriculture – Fruit flies Preview of the Third International Barcode Conference (2009) • 1 million barcode records • 100,000 species • Identifying unknowns in 30 minutes for less than US$1 • Barcoding is a validated lab procedure • Port inspectors starting to test unknowns with barcodes in several countries • Portable sequencing ? • Completion of the first local barcode biotic inventory