Download The Age of Exploration

The Age of Exploration
► SSH1:
The student will evaluate the development
of Native American cultures and the impact
European exploration and settlement on the
Native American cultures in Georgia
► Essential Understandings:
*Evaluate the impact of European contact on
Native American cultures
*Explain the reasons for European exploration
of North American and settlement
The Age of Exploration & Discovery
►The
►Portugal:
Major Players
Navigation Experts
►Spain: Funded Columbus’ voyage
west to find Northwest Passage
►France: Sailed up the NA east
coast to Nova Scotia
►England: Fights rival Spain for
control of the New World by
colonizing North America
The Age of Discovery &
Exploration
Motives for Exploration
God
Gold
Glory
The Age of Exploration
Europeans traded with Asia for centuries
► Middlemen: a trader who buys goods from
producers and sells them to other traders an
consumers
► Middlemen drove up the prices of the goods
► Europeans wanted to find new trade routes
that didn’t involve the middlemen.
► Marco Polo’s publications Travels led many
to believe that China could be reached by
ship.
►
The Age of Discovery &
Exploration
► The
Three major colonizers of the New World
were: France, Spain, and England
► Amerigo Vespucci an Italian navigator gave his
name to the New World
► Spain and Portugal start off in a race for the
New World
► Pope is scared they will begin a war. They are
both Catholic nations he gets involved
► Line of Demarcation Divides the New World
between Spain and Portugal
The Age of Exploration
Columbus believed that a new trade route
could be found by going West (Northwest
Passage).
► Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain
financed his voyage
► On August 3rd 1492 the Italian Columbus set
sail on the Pinta, Nina, & Santa Maria
► On October 12, 1492 landed on a Caribbean
Island he named San Salvador
► Columbus died believing he had reached
India
►
The Age of Exploration
Spain searched the Caribbean for wealth
► Spain’s two main goals for exploration were
finding gold and spreading Christianity
► Hernando de Soto left Cuba in search for
Gold
► He and his group of 600 men landed in
Florida.
► In 1540 he entered Georgia
► His search for Gold was a failure
► His men killed thousands of Indians, and
even more died from disease the explorers
brought with them
►
The Age of Exploration
► Missions:
Catholic outposts along the Atlantic and
Gulf coasts used to convert Indians to Christianity
► In 1566 Spaniards moved up to St. Catherine’s
Island and founded the mission Santa Catalina
► The first city settled in the New World was St.
Augustine – Spanish Florida
► St. Marys, St. Catherines, & Ossabaw were all
missions a part of the Spanish province Guale
► Mocama was another Spanish province that had
several missions
The Age of Exploration
► The
race for the New World heated up
between England and Spain
► Spain’s success in finding gold made it very
rich and powerful.
► Spain’s rise to power caused tension
between England and Spain and led to an
undeclared war between the two
► England and their strong navy came out on
top and beat the Spanish Armada
England Settles the New World
► Jamestown
was the first permanent settlement in
the New World
► Many problems plagued this colony: disease,
harsh weather, location
► They found that tobacco grew very well in this
area and were able to trade it.
► Hugenots were French Protestants that explored
the eastern coast of North America
► Indentured Servants agreed to work for someone
for a set period of time in return for passage to
the New World
► Slave: Had few rights and spent the entire lives in
service to others
England Settles the New World
► Colonists
came to the New World for,
religious freedom, spreading Christianity,
escape persecution.
► Primary reason for settlement was economic
gain
► Wanted to establish a system of
mercantilism – a nation exports more than it
imports
► Mercantilism: colonies would ship raw
materials to England. Englishmen would
make goods and sell them to other nations.
England Settles the New World
► England
sets up more colonies in New England
and Carolina
► This creates more conflict between Spain and
England.
► England sets up Fort King George on the
Altamaha river to protect them from France
and Spain
► In 1721 the garrison (a fort where troops are
housed) was finished
► European nations were able to spread
Christianity, gained riches, found new raw
goods and materials